{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T05:16:41Z","timestamp":1773897401891,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Diabetes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Insulin is the preferred clinical treatment for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to control blood glucose effectively. Hypoglycemia is one of the most common adverse events. Accurate prediction of the risk of hypoglycemia is critical in reducing hypoglycemic events and related adverse events in hospitalized diabetic patients treated with insulin.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>AIM<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>To develop and validate a hypoglycemia risk prediction tool for hospitalized patients with T2DM treated with insulin.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>METHODS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>This retrospective study included 802 hospitalized patients with T2DM in the Department of Endocrinology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, between January 2021 and December 2021. The hypoglycemia risk prediction model was developed using logistic regression and nomogram models. The model was validated and calibrated using receiver operating characteristic curves and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The incidence of hypoglycemia among the enrolled patients was 44.9%. The hypoglycemic risk prediction model included six predictors: Body mass index, duration of diabetes, history of hypoglycemia within 1 year, glomerular filtration rate, blood triglyceride levels, and duration of treatment. The hypoglycemia risk prediction model displayed high discrimination ability (area under the curve = 0.67) and good calibration power (goodness of fit, \u03c7 2 =12.25, P  = 0.14).<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The hypoglycemia risk prediction model for hospitalized patients with T2DM on insulin therapy displayed high reliability and discrimination ability. The model is a promising tool for clinicians to screen hospitalized patients with T2DM and an elevated risk of hypoglycemia and guide personalized interventions to prevent and treat hypoglycemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v16.i9.104290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T13:00:38Z","timestamp":1757509238000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development and validation of a hypoglycemia risk prediction tool for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin"],"prefix":"10.4239","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi-Ling","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Ran","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan-Ming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Di","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling-Ling","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S002"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.168118"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61682-2"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac278"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13897"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-4146-6"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-0920"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-2054"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.3844"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0600"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12689"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP14355.OR"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin L, Zhan LC, Zhang ST, Li YJ, Zhang XJ, Wang LY, Lai WH. [Active monitoring and analysis of hypoglycemic adverse events in hospitalized diabetic patients]. Chongqing Yixue 2025; 1-15","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1519522"},{"key":"B14","unstructured":"Yu XH, Zhang XQ, Yang SJ, Wang ZW, Ding YN. [The risk prediction models for the occurrence of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and critical appraisal]. Zhonghua Huli Zazhi 2022; 1830-1839"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296820918540"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2018.08.061"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60762-X"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2015.05.007"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296816688012"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2017.08.024"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13409"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.66419"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-9358\/full\/v16\/i9\/104290.htm","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-9358\/full\/v16\/i9\/104290.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T13:00:40Z","timestamp":1757509240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-9358\/full\/v16\/i9\/104290.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"alternative-id":["104290"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4239\/wjd.v16.i9.104290","relation":{},"ISSN":["1948-9358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1948-9358","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]}}}