{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T04:03:35Z","timestamp":1763093015669,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Diabetes"],"abstract":"BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n Insulin resistance (IR) plays a critical role in the musculoskeletal metabolic disorders associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).<\/jats:p>\n AIM<\/jats:p>\n To develop multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived biomarkers and diagnostic models for non-invasive identification and stratification of IR.<\/jats:p>\n METHODS<\/jats:p>\n Parameters of paravertebral muscles and vertebra were evaluated using quantitative chemical shift-encoded MRI and diffusion tensor imaging protocols. Tripartite cohort analyses were conducted through Kruskal-Wallis H tests with post hoc Dunn-Bonferroni correction for MRI-derived metrics. Diagnostic performance for T2DM-IR was assessed after selecting the most significant features through Z -score standardization and multinomial logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n This study evaluated 97 subjects (control: 39 subjects, T2DM-IR: 18 subjects, T2DM patients without IR: 40 subjects) using multiparametric MRI protocols. Significant intergroup differences were observed in the cross-sectional area (P = 0.047) and apparent diffusion coefficient (P = 0.027) of the psoas, and the cross-sectional area (P = 0.042) of the erector. More intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) in the psoas (P = 0.001) and erector (P = 0.004) were found in the T2DM-IR group. Multinomial receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that IMCL of the erector performed better (area under the curve = 0.838, sensitivity: 0.800, specificity: 0.938) in the diagnosis of T2DM-IR.<\/jats:p>\n CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n IMCL in erector emerges as a highly discriminative metric for T2DM-IR diagnosis. Multiparametric MRI enables non-invasive quantification of early musculoskeletal metabolic injury, providing reliable biomarkers for IR identification and stratification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v16.i9.110183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T13:00:38Z","timestamp":1757509238000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Magnetic resonance imaging derived biomarkers for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes with insulin resistance: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.4239","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Bo-Wen","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Tong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong-Qiang","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadeer M","family":"Gharaibeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164118780808"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1008862"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705408104"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2021.0280"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00279.2003"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.8.1600"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.4.885"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109221"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8080466"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18286"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21328"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18010008"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2022.116539"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M091942"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.5117"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675355"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2021-0685"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12703"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabet.2011.01.002"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000909"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020204356"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-23-1730"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1076"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199807)15:7<539::AID-DIA668>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2013.08.005"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01301-6"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.151"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30097-9"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1684-1"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0762-4"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa628"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26679"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20651"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0251"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI142241"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db23-0353"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.11.2579"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118350"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.5.1113"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.05.009"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205675109"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07435800.2014.920349"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2019.02.020"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1332346"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.536018"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12343"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3881\/j.issn.1000-503X.16035"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019190467"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16223897"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-9358\/full\/v16\/i9\/110183.htm","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-9358\/full\/v16\/i9\/110183.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T13:01:08Z","timestamp":1757509268000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-9358\/full\/v16\/i9\/110183.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9"},"alternative-id":["110183"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4239\/wjd.v16.i9.110183","relation":{},"ISSN":["1948-9358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1948-9358","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]}}}