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Several studies have documented the pro-tumorigenic effects of IL-1\u03b2 in tumor microenvironments, promoting proliferation and metastatic potential of cancer cells in vitro  and tumorigenesis in vivo . The application of IL-1\u03b2 inhibitors is also promising for targeted therapy development in some cancer types. However, as a leukocytic pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1\u03b2 may also possess anti-tumorigenic effects and be type-specific in different cancers. This editorial discusses the up-to-date roles of IL-1\u03b2 in GI cancers, including underlying mechanisms and downstream signaling pathways. Understanding and clarifying the roles of IL-1\u03b2 would significantly benefit future therapeutic targeting and help improve therapeutic outcomes in patients suffering from GI cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v16.i5.1676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T16:41:23Z","timestamp":1715100083000},"page":"1676-1682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Interleukin-1\u03b2: Friend or foe for gastrointestinal 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