{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:13:11Z","timestamp":1793124791546,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Gastrointest Oncol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The pathogenesis of non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (NADETs) is not fully understood. NADETs that express gastric-type mucin phenotypes (G-NADETs) are noteworthy because of their high malignancy. Gastric foveolar metaplasia, from which G-NADETs originate, protects the duodenal mucosa from gastric acidity. As gastric acid secretion is affected by endoscopic gastric mucosal atrophy (EGMA), we hypothesized that EGMA would be associated with G-NADETs.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>AIM<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>To evaluate the association between EGMA and the occurrence of G-NADETs.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>METHODS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>This cross-sectional retrospective study investigated the relationship between EGMA and NADETs in 134 patients. The duodenum was divided into parts 1 (bulb), 2 (superior duodenal angle to the papilla), and 3 (anal side of the papilla to the horizontal part). The effects of gastric acidity and presence of Brunner\u2019s glands were considered. EGMA was divided into types C (no or mild atrophy) and O (severe atrophy). Mucin phenotype expressions in NADETs were divided into gastric, intestinal, gastrointestinal, and unclassifiable.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>When NADETs were classified according to EGMA, 105 were classified as type C and 29 as type O. G-NADETs were present in 11.9% (16 cases) of all cases, and all 16 cases were of type C. Among G-NADETs, 93.8% (15 cases) were present in part 1 or 2. There was an association between G-NADETs and type C in part 1, and 50.0% (eight of 16 cases) of G-NADETs were associated with a current or previous Helicobacter pylori  infection status. Additionally, all eight cases occurred in part 1.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>G-NADETs were significantly associated with type C. Gastric acidity and Brunner's gland growth may be associated with G-NADETs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v17.i2.100545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]],"date-time":"2025-01-18T00:27:13Z","timestamp":1737160033000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Relationship between gastric mucosal atrophy by endoscopy and non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors"],"prefix":"10.4251","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Ohno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Nakatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Kurokami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asami","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Itai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Masui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsunori","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiyo","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shodai","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Haruma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM195902262600901"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12277"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-022-01919-y"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-0215(19990719)82:2<171::aid-ijc3>3.0.co;2-t"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1991.29"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2017.1369563"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640618817689"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.135.6.635"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9610(99)00269-x"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000278"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280050425"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/den.12427"},{"key":"B13","unstructured":"Haruma K, Kato M, Inoue K, Murakami K, Kamada T.   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