{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T14:43:09Z","timestamp":1773326589945,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Gastrointest Endosc"],"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are an important type of neoplastic disease of the digestive tract. There is little data on NETs originating from the pancreato-hepatobiliary region of the digestive tract in Pakistan.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>AIM<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>To evaluate different types of pancreato-hepatobiliary NETs (PHB-NET) diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and to identify factors associated with high-grade NETs.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>METHODS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>All patients diagnosed with PHB-NET through EUS-guided biopsy were included in the study. The site of origin, histology, and grade of PHB-NETs were noted and factors associated with high-grade lesions were analyzed. SPSS, version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>RESULTS<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>A total of 36 patients with PHB-NET were included. Males and females were equal in numbers, i.e. , 18 (50%) each. The mean age was 48 \u00b1 15.7 years with an age range of 17-70 years. The most common sites of origin of PHB-NET were: Pancreas 20 (55.6%), porta hepatis mass 8 (22.2%), perigastric mass 3 (8.3%) and others 5 (13.9%). The mean size of the PHB-NETs was 34.7 \u00b1 22.5 mm. Among pancreatic NETs, the most commonly affected areas were body 9, tail 5, and head 5. Only 4 (11.1%) PHB-NETs were functioning, all of which were insulinomas originating from the body or tail of the pancreas. Two-thirds of PHB-NETs, 24 (66.6%), were benign (WHO grade I: 19; grade 2: 5) while one-third 12 (33.3%) were neuroendocrine cancers (NEC) (WHO grade III). Histological types were large cell 17 (47.2%), small cell 8 (22.2%), mixed 1 (2.8%), and undetermined 10 (27.8%). Factors associated with NECs were age &gt; 40 years (P  = 0.016), extra-pancreatic origin of the lesion (P  = 0.014), and small cell histologic type (P  &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>CONCLUSION<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>The most common site of PHB-NET detected through EUS was the pancreas. Although most were benign, about one-third were high-grade cancers. Insulinoma was the most common functioning tumor. NECs were associated with advanced age, extra-pancreatic origin, and small-cell histology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v17.i6.105904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T06:30:07Z","timestamp":1749537007000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pancreato-hepatobiliary neuroendocrine tumors diagnosed through endoscopic ultrasound: Clinical characteristics and factors associated with high-grade lesions"],"prefix":"10.4253","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Abbas A","family":"Tasneem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasir H","family":"Luck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammed","family":"Mubarak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2060","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v12.i8.791"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2015-0314-RA"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13153766"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-024-15505-4"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-024-00535-6"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12022-022-09708-2"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.885895"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15061863"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/01.ajg.0000863720.99786.cf"},{"key":"B10","unstructured":"Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) Treatment (PDQ\u00ae): Patient Version. 2022 Oct 7. In: PDQ Cancer Information Summaries [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute (US); 2002\u2013"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.105940"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2023.08.015"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5732\/cjc.012.10295"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.9"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32074\/1591-951X-231"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e3182417d36"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-020-03303-w"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.0004-2024"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.12640"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2020.02.010"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12186039"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14670\/HH-18-788"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.34193"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-5190\/full\/v17\/i6\/105904.htm","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-5190\/full\/v17\/i6\/105904.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T06:30:14Z","timestamp":1749537014000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-5190\/full\/v17\/i6\/105904.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"alternative-id":["105904"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4253\/wjge.v17.i6.105904","relation":{},"ISSN":["1948-5190"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1948-5190","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]]}}}