{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T19:29:40Z","timestamp":1788636580914,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"28","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WJH"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v8.i28.1157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T10:07:57Z","timestamp":1475057277000},"page":"1157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Cirrhosis and autoimmune liver disease: Current understanding"],"prefix":"10.4254","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Liberal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte R","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2060","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341118"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.09.002"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra043898"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00104-1"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.12.019"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)04410-8"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.167.6.1791"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-020712-164014"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11908-012-0304-2"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00501-4"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.25.2.133"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.18714"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI4213"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.8090"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003525"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.40397.x"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50446"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.005"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21316"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22567"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810440"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.627"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.789"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMct074694"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.03853.x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24247"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60096-3"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.149.1.6412283"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.22938"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051100"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2013.06.013"},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Briskin M, Winsor-Hines D, Shyjan A, Cochran N, Bloom S, Wilson J, McEvoy LM, Butcher EC, Kassam N, Mackay CR. Human mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 is preferentially expressed in intestinal tract and associated lymphoid tissue. Am J Pathol 1997;151:97-110."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.24231"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041035"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2011.10.009"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.11.046"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.728"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2616"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23584"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.08.002"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-303848"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0676.2001.021004225.x"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.3.1481"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-35705"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840130415"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.07.034"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310110"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300412"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2006.00794.x"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050408"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510280203"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00432159"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.04.009"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.11.002"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80266-2"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"el-Shabrawi M, Wilkinson ML, Portmann B, Mieli-Vergani G, Chong SK, Williams R, Mowat AP. Primary sclerosing cholangitis in childhood. Gastroenterology 1987;92:1226-1235.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(87)91082-1"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.41841.x"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0641.2000.033004537.x"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60121-5"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2011.02.001"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24282"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20427"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23405"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.04.011"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2004.0926.x"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65032-8"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80169-X"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastro.2005.05.050"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270222"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-7568-6"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.01.007"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23196"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2007.05.021"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21624"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24206"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23368"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.186"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22273"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070124"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.282.6260.263"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.10.013"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.05.009"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2012.02830.x"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20339"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04473.x"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0b013e32834ab06f"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22172"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bianchi L. Liver biopsy in elevated liver functions tests? An old question revisited. J Hepatol 2001;35:290-294.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00155-6"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)62195-4"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpgasthep1025"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25599"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2011.06.011"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181a84b8d"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21151"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2010.06371.x"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2008.02.012"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shapiro JM, Smith H, Schaffner F. Serum bilirubin: a prognostic factor in primary biliary cirrhosis. Gut 1979;20:137-140.","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.20.2.137"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prince MI, James OF. The epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis. Clin Liver Dis 2003;7:795-819.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00102-8"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61965-4"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corpechot C, Carrat F, Bahr A, Chr&eacute;tien Y, Poupon RE, Poupon R. The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy on the natural course of primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2005;128:297-303.","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.009"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poupon RE, Lindor KD, Par&eacute;s A, Chazouill&egrave;res O, Poupon R, Heathcote EJ. Combined analysis of the effect of treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid on histologic progression in primary biliary cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2003;39:12-16.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00192-2"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)63676-8"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindor KD, Therneau TM, Jorgensen RA, Malinchoc M, Dickson ER. Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on survival in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1996;110:1515-1518.","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8613058"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199105303242204"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199405123301903"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corpechot C, Carrat F, Poupon R, Poupon RE. Primary biliary cirrhosis: incidence and predictive factors of cirrhosis development in ursodiol-treated patients. Gastroenterology 2002;122:652-658.","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31880"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00432479"},{"key":"ref109","unstructured":"Scheuer PJ. Primary biliary cirrhosis: diagnosis, pathology and pathogenesis. Postgrad Med J 1983;59 Suppl 4:106-115."},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301063080101"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230108"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prince M, Chetwynd A, Newman W, Metcalf JV, James OF. Survival and symptom progression in a geographically based cohort of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: follow-up for up to 28 years. Gastroenterology 2002;123:1044-1051.","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.36027"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(86)90972-8"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gores GJ, Wiesner RH, Dickson ER, Zinsmeister AR, Jorgensen RA, Langworthy A. Prospective evaluation of esophageal varices in primary biliary cirrhosis: development, natural history, and influence on survival. Gastroenterology 1989;96:1552-1559.","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)90526-X"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.07.015"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01235.x"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.4.610"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0909357106"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-3261(03)00127-2"},{"key":"ref120","unstructured":"Ludwig J. Surgical pathology of the syndrome of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Am J Surg Pathol 1989;13 Suppl 1:43-49."},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01543.x"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23294"},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20029"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520802130183"},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20732"},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2010.06384.x"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.30457.x"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberts SK, Therneau TM, Czaja AJ. Prognosis of histological cirrhosis in type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. Gastroenterology 1996;110:848-857.","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8608895"},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2010.01.002"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26290"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250308"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2007.04.008"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23704"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kessler WR, Cummings OW, Eckert G, Chalasani N, Lumeng L, Kwo PY. Fulminant hepatic failure as the initial presentation of acute autoimmune hepatitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;2:625-631.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00246-0"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2011.09.008"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3388"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20979"},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213286.65907.ea"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3966"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neuberger J. Liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis: indications and risk of recurrence. J Hepatol 2003;39:142-148.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(03)00283-6"},{"key":"ref141","unstructured":"Garcia CE, Garcia RF, Gunson B, Christensen E, Neuberger J, McMaster P, Mirza DF. Analysis of marginal donor parameters in liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis. Exp Clin Transplant 2004;2:183-188."},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-010-1256-1"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/bega.2001.0212"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2006.01321.x"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leidenius M, H&ouml;ckersted K, Broom&eacute; U, Ericzon BG, Friman S, Olausson M, Schrumpf E. Hepatobiliary carcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis: a case control study. J Hepatol 2001;34:792-798.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(01)00042-3"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goss JA, Shackleton CR, Farmer DG, Arnaout WS, Seu P, Markowitz JS, Martin P, Stribling RJ, Goldstein LI, Busuttil RW. Orthotopic liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis. A 12-year single center experience. Ann Surg 1997;225:472-481; discussion 481-483.","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199705000-00004"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300501"},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.qjmed.a067264"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soloway RD, Summerskill WH, Baggenstoss AH, Geall MG, Gitni\u0107k GL, Elveback IR, Schoenfield LJ. Clinical, biochemical, and histological remission of severe chronic active liver disease: a controlled study of treatments and early prognosis. Gastroenterology 1972;63:820-833.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(19)33223-8"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)92125-9"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kogan J, Safadi R, Ashur Y, Shouval D, Ilan Y. Prognosis of symptomatic versus asymptomatic autoimmune hepatitis: a study of 68 patients. J Clin Gastroenterol 2002;35:75-81.","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200207000-00016"},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.16666"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.10.028"},{"key":"ref154","unstructured":"Futagawa Y, Terasaki PI. An analysis of the OPTN\/UNOS Liver Transplant Registry. Clin Transpl 2004;315-329."}],"container-title":["World Journal of Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-5182\/full\/v8\/i28\/1157.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,14]],"date-time":"2019-09-14T02:27:53Z","timestamp":1568428073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1948-5182\/full\/v8\/i28\/1157.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016]]},"references-count":154,"journal-issue":{"issue":"28","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4254\/wjh.v8.i28.1157","relation":{},"ISSN":["1948-5182"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1948-5182","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}}}