{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:31:49Z","timestamp":1791351109100,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To investigate echinococcosis in co-endemic regions, three polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays based on the amplification of a fragment within the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) mitochondrial gene were optimized for the detection of <jats:italic>Echinococcus shiquicus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Echinococcus granulosus<\/jats:italic> G1, and <jats:italic>Echinococcus multilocularis<\/jats:italic> DNA derived from parasite tissue or canid fecal samples. Specificity using parasite tissue-derived DNA was found to be 100% except for <jats:italic>E. shiquicus<\/jats:italic> primers that faintly detected <jats:italic>E. equinus<\/jats:italic> DNA. Sensitivity of the three assays for DNA detection was between 2 and 10 pg. Ethanol precipitation of negative PCR fecal samples was used to eliminate false negatives and served to increase sensitivity as exemplified by an increase in detection from 0% to 89% of <jats:italic>E. shiquicus<\/jats:italic> coproDNA using necropsy-positive fox samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0331","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,26]],"date-time":"2013-02-26T04:15:20Z","timestamp":1361852120000},"page":"795-802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Development of Three PCR Assays for the Differentiation between Echinococcus shiquicus, E. granulosus (G1 genotype), and E. multilocularis DNA in the Co-Endemic Region of Qinghai-Tibet plateau, China"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Belgees","family":"Boufana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9rald","family":"Umhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiamin","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingwang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samia","family":"Lahmar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Bou\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1295","article-title":"Echinococcosis","volume":"362","author":"McManus","year":"2006"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"585","article-title":"Species identification of human echinococcosis using histopathology and genotyping in northwestern China","volume":"102","author":"Li","year":"2008"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Acta Trop","first-page":"248","article-title":"Widespread co-endemicity of human cystic and alveolar echinococcosis on the eastern Tibetan Plateau, northwest Sichuan\/southeast Qinghai, China","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2010"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Int J Parasitol","first-page":"693","article-title":"Echinococcus shiquicus n. sp., a taeniid cestode from Tibetan fox and plateau pika in China","volume":"35","author":"Xiao","year":"2005"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"193","article-title":"Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis DNA in fox feces using DNA amplification","volume":"106","author":"Bretagne","year":"1993"},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"185","article-title":"Improvement of a polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Echinococcus multilocularis DNA in fecal samples of foxes","volume":"67","author":"Monnier","year":"1996"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis","first-page":"29","article-title":"Identification of Echinococcus granulosus eggs","volume":"44","author":"Cabrera","year":"2002"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Int J Parasitol","first-page":"645","article-title":"A PCR system for detection of species and genotypes of the Echinococcus granulosus-complex, with reference to the epidemiological situation in eastern Africa","volume":"34","author":"Dinkel","year":"2004"},{"key":"bib9","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"911","article-title":"Identification of taeniid eggs in the feces from carnivores based on multiplex PCR using targets in mitochondrial DNA","volume":"134","author":"Trachsel","year":"2007"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Int J Parasitol","first-page":"1269","article-title":"A survey of Echinococcus species in wild carnivores and livestock in East Africa","volume":"39","author":"H\u00fcttner","year":"2009"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"324","article-title":"Copro-diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs by amplification of a newly identified repeated DNA sequence","volume":"69","author":"Abbasi","year":"2003"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"347","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction for detection of patent infections of Echinococcus granulosus (\u201csheep strain\u201d) in naturally infected dogs","volume":"92","author":"\u0160tefanic'","year":"2004"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"49","article-title":"Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes in The Netherlands","volume":"82","author":"van der Giessen","year":"1999"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1871","article-title":"Detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in the definitive host: coprodiagnosis by PCR as an alternative to necropsy","volume":"36","author":"Dinkel","year":"1998"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"777","article-title":"Evaluation of three PCR assays for the identification of the sheep strain (Genotype 1) of Echinococcus granulosus in canid feces and parasite tissues","volume":"78","author":"Boufana","year":"2008"},{"key":"R16","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"292","article-title":"Short report: Dual infection of animal hosts with different Echinococcus species in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau region of China","volume":"75","author":"Xiao","year":"2006"},{"key":"R17","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"819","article-title":"Modification of universal 12S rDNA primers for specific amplification of contaminated Taenia spp. (Cestoda) gDNA enabling phylogenetic studies","volume":"85","author":"von Nickisch-Rosenegk","year":"1999"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R18","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"S5","article-title":"Echinococcosis: disease, detection and transmission","volume":"127","author":"Craig","year":"2003"},{"key":"R19","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"49","article-title":"A canine purgation study and risk factor analysis for echinococcosis in a high endemic region of the Tibetan plateau","volume":"127","author":"Budke","year":"2005"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R20","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"S151","article-title":"The molecular epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus and cystic hydatid disease","volume":"96","author":"McManus","year":"2002"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R21","series-title":"Parasitol Int","first-page":"S31","article-title":"Molecular discrimination of taeniid cestodes","volume":"55","author":"McManus","year":"2006"},{"key":"R22","series-title":"Int J Parasitol","first-page":"1065","article-title":"Development of a new PCR protocol for the detection of species and genotypes (strains) of Echinococcus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues","volume":"38","author":"Schneider","year":"2008"},{"key":"R23","series-title":"Parasitol Int","first-page":"84","article-title":"Development of PCR\/dot blot assay for specific detection and differentiation of taeniid cestode eggs in canids","volume":"60","author":"Armua-Fernandez","year":"2011"},{"key":"R24","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"547","article-title":"Molecular study of Echinococcus in west-central China","volume":"131","author":"Yang","year":"2005"},{"key":"R25","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"571","article-title":"Genotyping of human cystic echinococcosis in Xinjiang, PR China","volume":"133","author":"Bart","year":"2006"},{"key":"R26","series-title":"Parasitology","first-page":"369","article-title":"Genomic cloning of human Echinococcus granulosus DNA: isolation of recombinant plasmids and their use as genetic markers in strain characterization","volume":"94","author":"Rishi","year":"1987"},{"key":"R27","series-title":"J Helminthol","first-page":"219","article-title":"An improved system for PCR-based specific detection of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs","volume":"70","author":"Mathis","year":"1996"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R28","series-title":"Parasitol Int","first-page":"S87","article-title":"Copro-DNA tests for diagnosis of animal taeniid cestodes","volume":"55","author":"Mathis","year":"2006"},{"key":"R29","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"811","article-title":"Cost-effective method of DNA extraction from taeniid eggs","volume":"102","author":"Dyachenko","year":"2008"},{"key":"R30","series-title":"Acta Trop","article-title":"First report of Echinococcus shiquicus in dogs from Eastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau region, China","author":"Boufana","year":"2013"},{"key":"R31","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"548","article-title":"DNA differential diagnosis of taeniasis and cysticercosis by multiplex PCR","volume":"42","author":"Yamasaki","year":"2004"},{"key":"R32","series-title":"Mol Cell Probes","first-page":"5","article-title":"Patent and pre-patent detection of Echinococcus granulosus genotypes in the definitive host","volume":"20","author":"Naidich","year":"2006"},{"key":"R33","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"731","article-title":"Comparative copro-diagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected foxes","volume":"101","author":"Al Sabi'","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/88\/4\/article-p795.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/88\/4\/article-p795.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/88\/4\/article-p795.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T18:35:06Z","timestamp":1723055706000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/88\/4\/article-p795.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0331","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]]}}}