{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:50:57Z","timestamp":1792601457543,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although anemia in preschool children is most often attributed to iron deficiency, other nutritional, infectious, and genetic contributors are rarely concurrently measured. In a population-based, cross-sectional survey of 858 children 6\u201335 months of age in western Kenya, we measured hemoglobin, malaria, inflammation, sickle cell, \u03b1-thalassemia, iron deficiency, vitamin A deficiency, anthropometry, and socio-demographic characteristics. Anemia (Hb &lt; 11 g\/dL) and severe anemia (Hb &lt; 7 g\/dL) prevalence ratios (PRs) for each exposure were determined using multivariable modeling. Anemia (71.8%) and severe anemia (8.4%) were common. Characteristics most strongly associated with anemia were malaria (PR: 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5\u20131.9), iron deficiency (1.3; 1.2\u20131.4), and homozygous \u03b1-thalassemia (1.3; 1.1\u20131.4). Characteristics associated with severe anemia were malaria (10.2; 3.5\u201329.3), inflammation (6.7; 2.3\u201319.4), and stunting (1.6; 1.0\u20132.4). Overall 16.8% of anemia cases were associated with malaria, 8.3% with iron deficiency, and 6.1% with inflammation. Interventions should address malaria, iron deficiency, and non-malarial infections to decrease the burden of anemia in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,4]],"date-time":"2013-02-04T21:41:57Z","timestamp":1360014117000},"page":"757-764","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Determinants of Anemia among Preschool Children in Rural, Western Kenya"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Foote","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laird J.","family":"Ruth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared","family":"Oremo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Sadumah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas N.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parminder S.","family":"Suchdev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"J Nutr","first-page":"604S","article-title":"Iron-deficiency anemia: reexamining the nature and magnitude of the public health problem","volume":"131","author":"Brabin","year":"2001"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Worldwide Prevalence of Anaemia 1993\u20132005: WHO Global Database on 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