{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:21:12Z","timestamp":1789543272181,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The vertical transmission of leishmaniasis has been reported in species that cause visceral leishmaniasis. However, this condition has scarcely been documented in species that cause cutaneous leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to determine experimentally whether <jats:italic>L. mexicana<\/jats:italic> is transmitted vertically. A control group of BALB\/c mice and a group infected with <jats:italic>L. mexicana<\/jats:italic> were mated, the gestation was monitored, and females were killed before delivery. Four resorptions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.023) and eight fetal deaths (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.010) were observed in the infected female group; furthermore, the offspring body weight of the infected group was lower than the body weight of the healthy group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.009). DNA amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that all placentas and maternal spleens as well as 39 of 110 fetal spleens obtained from the offspring of infected mothers tested positive for <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>. In conclusion, <jats:italic>L. mexicana<\/jats:italic> is transmitted transplacentally and causes fetal death, resorption, and reduction in offspring body weight.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0716","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,25]],"date-time":"2013-06-25T04:23:58Z","timestamp":1372134238000},"page":"354-358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Transplacental Transmission of Cutaneous Leishmania mexicana Strain in BALB\/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Miroslava","family":"Avila-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Mancilla-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrique","family":"Segura-Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanca","family":"Farfan-Labonne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"Galindo-Sevilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"55","article-title":"Venereal transmission of canine visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"160","author":"Silva","year":"2009"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"86","article-title":"Genital lesions and distribution of amastigotes in bitches naturally infected with Leishmania chagasi","volume":"151","author":"Silva","year":"2008"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1209","article-title":"A congenital case of kala-azar","volume":"208","author":"Low","year":"1926"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"302","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis in a German child who had never entered a known endemic area: case report and review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Bogdan","year":"2001"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"e65","article-title":"Congenital transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (Kala Azar) from an asymptomatic mother to her child","volume":"104","author":"Meinecke","year":"1999"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Ann Trop Paediatr","first-page":"161","article-title":"Congenital visceral leishmaniasis in Ukraine: case report","volume":"30","author":"Zinchuk","year":"2010"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"57","article-title":"Congenital kala-azar and leishmaniasis in the placenta","volume":"46","author":"Eltoum","year":"1992"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Acta Trop","first-page":"39","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis in pregnancy: a case report","volume":"88","author":"Caldas","year":"2003"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"564","article-title":"Congenital visceral leishmaniasis: case report","volume":"82","author":"Nyakundi","year":"1988"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Can Vet J","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Disseminated Leishmania infantum infection in two sibling foxhounds due to possible vertical transmission","volume":"49","author":"Gibson-Corley","year":"2008"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"970","article-title":"Transplacental transmission of a North American isolate of Leishmania infantum in an experimentally infected beagle","volume":"91","author":"Rosypal","year":"2005"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"R12","series-title":"Vet Res Commun","first-page":"771","article-title":"Canine leishmaniasis in the newborn puppy","volume":"27","author":"Masucci","year":"2003"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Vet Parasitol","first-page":"327","article-title":"Tissue distribution of Leishmania chagasi and lesions in transplacentally infected fetuses from symptomatic and asymptomatic naturally infected bitches","volume":"165","author":"Pangrazio","year":"2009"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"1113","article-title":"Non-sand fly transmission of a North American isolate of Leishmania infantum in experimentally infected BALB\/c mice","volume":"91","author":"Rosypal","year":"2005"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"478","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis during pregnancy: exuberant lesions and potential fetal complications","volume":"45","author":"Morgan","year":"2007"},{"key":"R16","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"812","article-title":"Congenital transmission of experimental leishmaniasis in a hamster model","volume":"86","author":"Osorio","year":"2012"},{"key":"R17","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"277","article-title":"Late metastatic leishmaniasis in the mouse. 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