{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T11:15:28Z","timestamp":1790248528452,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 22-month-old girl presented with neck pain and stiffness and magnetic resonance imaging showed an extradural mass extending from C2 through the C4 level with moderate to severe compression of the cord. A left unilateral C2\u2013C4 laminectomy was performed revealing an extradural rubbery tumor; a small biopsy was obtained. Examination of stained tissue revealed the presence of a parasitic worm that was identified as a gravid female <jats:italic>Onchocerca lupi<\/jats:italic>. A magnetic resonance imaging at 7 weeks follow-up showed a significantly decreased size of the enhancing lesion and the patient's symptoms gradually resolved. This is the first report of zoonotic <jats:italic>O. lupi<\/jats:italic> in the United States. The parasite has been reported in dogs and cats in the western United States, and from people in four cases reported from Europe. A great deal more needs to be learned, including full host range and geographic distribution, before we fully understand <jats:italic>O. lupi<\/jats:italic> infections in animals and man.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]],"date-time":"2013-02-05T02:41:57Z","timestamp":1360032117000},"page":"601-605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Zoonotic Onchocerca lupi Infection in a 22-Month-Old Child in Arizona: First Report in the United States and a Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Mark L.","family":"Eberhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gholamabbas Amin","family":"Ostovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kote","family":"Chundu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Hobohm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Feiz-Erfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blaine A.","family":"Mathison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry S.","family":"Bishop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul T.","family":"Cantey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Tropical Infectious Diseases: Principles, Pathogens, and Practices","first-page":"750","article-title":"Zoonotic filariasis","author":"Eberhard","year":"2011"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Medizinskaia Parazitologyi","first-page":"156","article-title":"The first case of human infection by the nematode Onchocerca, Diesing, 1841 in the USSR","volume":"34","author":"Azarova","year":"1965"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Schweiz Med Wochenschr","first-page":"1102","article-title":"Paraarticulares nematodengranulom (einheimische Onchocerca)","volume":"95","author":"Siegenthaler","year":"1965"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"595","article-title":"Zoonotic onchocerciasis in a resident of Illinois and observations on the identification of Onchocerca species","volume":"23","author":"Beaver","year":"1974"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"469","article-title":"Tissue pathology and comparative microanatomy of Onchocerca from a resident of Ontario and other Onchocerca species from Canada and USA","volume":"71","author":"Ali-Khan","year":"1977"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"298","article-title":"Zoonotic Onchocerca in a Japanese child","volume":"40","author":"Beaver","year":"1989"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Parasite","first-page":"179","article-title":"Second case of zoonotic Onchocerca infection in a resident of Oita in Japan","volume":"3","author":"Takaoka","year":"1996"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Ophthalmology","first-page":"1494","article-title":"Zoonotic Onchocerca (Nematoda: Filarioidea) in the cornea of a Colorado resident","volume":"105","author":"Burr","year":"1998"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Parasite","first-page":"261","article-title":"Human infection with Onchocerca dewittei japonica, a parasite from wild boar in Oita, Japan","volume":"8","author":"Takaoka","year":"2001"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"827","article-title":"Subconjunctival zoonotic Onchocerca in an Albanian man","volume":"95","author":"Pampiglione","year":"2001"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg","first-page":"627","article-title":"Zoonotic onchocerciasis of the shoulder","volume":"84","author":"Wright","year":"2002"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Parasite","first-page":"285","article-title":"Zoonotic onchocerciasis caused by a parasite from wild boar in Oita, Japan. 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