{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T18:16:30Z","timestamp":1763057790743,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Melioidosis is caused by the soil-borne pathogen <jats:italic>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>. To investigate whether the distinct phenotypic and virulent characteristics result from environmental adaptations in the soil or from the host body, two pairs of isogenic strains were generated by passages in soil or mice. After cultivation in soil, the levels of 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid, biofilm formation, flagellar expression, and ultrastructure were altered in the bacteria. Uniformly fatal melioidosis developed as a result of infection with mouse-derived strains; however, the survival rates of mice infected with soil-derived strains prolonged. After primary infection or reinfection with soil-derived strains, the mice developed a low degree of bacterial hepatitis and bacterial colonization in the liver and bone marrow compared with mice that were infected with isogenic or heterogenic mouse-derived strains. We suggest that specific phenotypic and pathogenic patterns can be induced through infection with <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> that has been cultured in different (soil versus mouse) environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T03:35:52Z","timestamp":1390275352000},"page":"469-479","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Alteration of the Phenotypic and Pathogenic Patterns of Burkholderia pseudomallei that Persist in a Soil Environment"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Yao-Shen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wun-Ju","family":"Shieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia S.","family":"Goldsmith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maureen G.","family":"Metcalfe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia W.","family":"Greer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherif R.","family":"Zaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Hou","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"383","article-title":"Melioidosis: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management","volume":"18","author":"Cheng","year":"2005"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e2072","article-title":"Activities of daily living associated with acquisition of melioidosis in northeast Thailand: a matched case-control study","volume":"7","author":"Limmathurotsakul","year":"2013"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"1074","article-title":"Development of antibodies to Burkholderia pseudomallei during childhood in melioidosis-endemic northeast Thailand","volume":"74","author":"Wuthiekanun","year":"2006"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"6032","article-title":"Recurrent melioidosis in patients in northeast Thailand is frequently due to re-infection rather than relapse","volume":"43","author":"Maharjan","year":"2005"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1538","article-title":"Intensity of rainfall and severity of melioidosis, Australia","volume":"9","author":"Currie","year":"2003"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"2599","article-title":"Prevalence of melioidosis in the Er-Ren River Basin, Taiwan: implications for transmission","volume":"45","author":"Su","year":"2007"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"851","article-title":"The aftermath of the Western Australian melioidosis outbreak","volume":"84","author":"Inglis","year":"2011"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol","first-page":"272","article-title":"Melioidosis: insights into the pathogenicity of Burkholderia pseudomallei","volume":"4","author":"Wiersinga","year":"2006"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Microbes Infect","first-page":"621","article-title":"Burkholderia pseudomallei virulence: definition, stability and association with clonality","volume":"3","author":"Ulett","year":"2001"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"J Bacteriol","first-page":"807","article-title":"Biological relevance of colony morphology and phenotypic switching by Burkholderia pseudomallei","volume":"189","author":"Chantratita","year":"2006"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"PLoS ONE","first-page":"e9196","article-title":"Growing Burkholderia pseudomallei in biofilm stimulating conditions significantly induces antimicrobial resistance","volume":"5","author":"Sawasdidoln","year":"2010"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Microb Pathog","first-page":"111","article-title":"Comparative analysis of extracellular enzymes and virulence exhibited by Burkholderia pseudomallei from different sources","volume":"47","author":"Vellasamy","year":"2009"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev","first-page":"893","article-title":"Pseudomonas biofilm matrix composition and niche biology","volume":"36","author":"Mann","year":"2012"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"J Microbiol","first-page":"492","article-title":"Effect of gacS and gacA mutations on colony architecture, surface motility, biofilm formation and chemical toxicity in Pseudomonas sp. 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