{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T21:33:18Z","timestamp":1780090398454,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chloroquine (CQ) is used as a first-line therapy for the treatment of <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria in Nicaragua. We investigated the prevalence of molecular markers associated with CQ and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> isolates obtained from the North Atlantic Autonomous Region of Nicaragua. Blood spots for this study were made available from a CQ and SP drug efficacy trial conducted in 2005 and also from a surveillance study performed in 2011. Polymorphisms in <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> CQ resistance transporter, dihydrofolate reductase, and dihydropteroate synthase gene loci that are associated with resistance to CQ, pyrimethamine, and sulfadoxine, respectively, were detected by DNA sequencing. In the 2005 dataset, only 2 of 53 isolates had a CQ resistance allele (CVIET), 2 of 52 had a pyrimethamine resistance allele, and 1 of 49 had a sulfadoxine resistance allele. In the 2011 dataset, none of 45 isolates analyzed had CQ or SP resistance alleles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,11]],"date-time":"2014-03-11T03:17:37Z","timestamp":1394507857000},"page":"840-845","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Molecular Analysis of Chloroquine and Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Resistance-Associated Alleles in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Nicaragua"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Sankar","family":"Sridaran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betzabe","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aida Mercedes","family":"Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Macedo De 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