{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:23:42Z","timestamp":1791285822145,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence and identity of <jats:italic>Rickettsia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> in urban rat and flea populations were evaluated in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) by molecular tools. An overall prevalence of 17% <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> species and 13% <jats:italic>Rickettsia typhi<\/jats:italic>, the agent of murine typhus, was found in the cosmopolitan rat species, <jats:italic>Rattus rattus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Rattus norvegicus<\/jats:italic> that were infested by a majority of <jats:italic>Xenopsylla cheopis<\/jats:italic> fleas. <jats:italic>Bartonella queenslandensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bartonella elizabethae,<\/jats:italic> and three <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> genotypes were identified by sequencing in rat specimens, mostly in <jats:italic>R. rattus<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Rickettsia typhi<\/jats:italic> was detected in 72% of <jats:italic>X. cheopis<\/jats:italic> pools, the main vector and reservoir of this zoonotic pathogen. Co-infections were observed in rodents, suggesting a common mammalian host shared by <jats:italic>R. typhi<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> spp. Thus, both infections are endemic in DRC and the medical staffs need to be aware knowing the high prevalence of impoverished populations or immunocompromised inhabitants in this area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T03:35:52Z","timestamp":1390275352000},"page":"463-468","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["High Prevalence of Rickettsia typhi and Bartonella Species in Rats and Fleas, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the 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