{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:15:18Z","timestamp":1777644918881,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We assessed the prevalence of intestinal parasites among 268 2\u201312-year-old children living in rural areas, small villages, and semi-urban areas of the Chaco region, south-eastern Bolivia. The overall parasitism was 69%. Only protozoa, helminths, or co-infections were observed in 89.2%, 5.9%, or 4.9% of the positive children, respectively. A significant progressive increase in overall parasite prevalence was found when passing from rural areas to small villages and semi-urban areas. The most commonly found species were <jats:italic>Entamoeba coli<\/jats:italic> (38.4%), <jats:italic>Giardia intestinalis<\/jats:italic> (37.7%), and <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> spp. (16%). <jats:italic>Hymenolepis nana<\/jats:italic> was the most prevalent helminth (5.6%), followed by <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> and hookworms (1.5% and 0.4%) evidenced only in rural areas and in villages. Molecular diagnostics identified <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic> subtypes 9 and 2, and 5 infections by <jats:italic>Entamoeba histolytica<\/jats:italic> and 4 by <jats:italic>Entamoeba dispar<\/jats:italic>. The dramatic decrease in prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths with respect to that observed about 20 years ago (&gt; 40%) evidences the success of the preventive chemotherapy intervention implemented in 1986. Health education and improved sanitation should be intensified to control protozoan infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T13:33:01Z","timestamp":1424957581000},"page":"794-796","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Dramatic Decrease in Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and New Insights Into Intestinal Protozoa in Children Living in the Chaco Region, Bolivia"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Fabio","family":"Macchioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Higinio","family":"Segundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Gabrielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Totino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia 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