{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T13:24:20Z","timestamp":1791293060499,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>, the causative agent of Q fever, is present worldwide. Recent studies have shown that this bacterium is an emerging pathogen in French Guiana and has a high prevalence (24% of community-acquired pneumonia). In this review, we focus on the peculiar epidemiology of Q fever in French Guiana. We place it in the context of the epidemiology of the disease in the surrounding countries of South America. We also review the clinical features of Q fever in this region, which has severe initial presentation but low mortality rates. These characteristics seem to be linked to a unique genotype (genotype 17). Finally, we discuss the issue of the animal reservoir of <jats:italic>C. burnetii<\/jats:italic> in French Guiana, which is still unknown. Further studies are necessary to identify this reservoir. Identification of this reservoir will improve the understanding of the Q fever epidemic in French Guiana and will provide new tools to control this public health problem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,5]],"date-time":"2014-08-05T06:27:27Z","timestamp":1407220047000},"page":"771-776","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Q Fever in French Guiana"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Carole","family":"Eldin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aba","family":"Mahamat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magalie","family":"Demar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Abboud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e9lix","family":"Djossou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Raoult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Med Mal Infect","first-page":"82","article-title":"Q fever: current diagnosis and treatment options [in French]","volume":"39","author":"Million","year":"2009"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Vet Microbiol","first-page":"297","article-title":"2009. Q fever","volume":"140","author":"Angelakis","year":"2010"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Rev Infect Dis","first-page":"790","article-title":"Q fever, a new fever entity: clinical features, diagnosis and laboratory investigation","volume":"5","author":"Derrick","year":"1983"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Epidemiol Infect","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Q fever epidemic in The Netherlands: history, onset, response and reflection","volume":"139","author":"Roest","year":"2011"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am","first-page":"67","article-title":"Q fever pneumonia in French Guiana: prevalence, risk factors, and prognostic score","volume":"55","author":"Epelboin","year":"2012"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo","first-page":"255","article-title":"Q fever study in Sao Paulo. 3. Prevalence among milkers and dairy farm workers [in Portuguese]","volume":"6","author":"Ribeiro-Netto","year":"1964"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Am J Epidemiol","first-page":"197","article-title":"Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Coxiella burnetii among students and other personnel in veterinary colleges in California and Brazil","volume":"100","author":"Riemann","year":"1974"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Am J Epidemiol","first-page":"386","article-title":"Toxoplasma gondii and Coxiella burnetii antibodies among Brazilian slaughterhouse employees","volume":"102","author":"Riemann","year":"1975"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz","first-page":"853","article-title":"Antibodies to Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia typhi, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella quintana, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis among healthy population in Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"100","author":"Da Costa","year":"2005"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo","first-page":"5","article-title":"Questing one Brazilian query: reporting 16 cases of Q fever from Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"48","author":"da Costa","year":"2006"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","first-page":"85","article-title":"Q fever as a cause of fever of unknown origin and thrombocytosis: first molecular evidence of Coxiella burnetii in Brazil","volume":"11","author":"Lemos","year":"2011"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz","first-page":"695","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii, the agent of Q fever in Brazil: its hidden role in seronegative arthritis and the importance of molecular diagnosis based on the repetitive element IS1111 associated with the transposase gene","volume":"107","author":"Rozental","year":"2012"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Int J Infect Dis IJID Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis","first-page":"e65","article-title":"Bartonella and Coxiella infective endocarditis in Brazil: molecular evidence from excised valves from a cardiac surgery referral center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1998 to 2009","volume":"17","author":"Lamas","year":"2013"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop","first-page":"409","article-title":"Endocarditis due to Coxiella burnetii (Q fever): a rare or underdiagnosed disease? Case report [in Portuguese]","volume":"41","author":"Siciliano","year":"2008"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci","first-page":"215","article-title":"Infective endocarditis due to Bartonella spp. and Coxiella burnetii: experience at a cardiology hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil","volume":"1078","author":"Siciliano","year":"2006"},{"issue":"(Suppl 2)","key":"R16","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect Off Publ Eur Soc Clin Microbiol Infect Dis","first-page":"140","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients in Jacarepagu\u00e1, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"15","author":"Lamas","year":"2009"},{"key":"R17","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"357","article-title":"Evidence of rickettsial and Leptospira infections in Andean northern Peru","volume":"70","author":"Blair","year":"2004"},{"key":"R18","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"146","article-title":"Etiology of acute undifferentiated febrile illness in the Amazon basin of Ecuador","volume":"81","author":"Manock","year":"2009"},{"key":"R19","series-title":"Sem Med","first-page":"506","article-title":"First acute case of Q fever diagnosed in Argentina (preliminary note) [in Spanish]","volume":"115","author":"Romana","year":"1959"},{"key":"R20","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"1344","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia: etiology, epidemiology, and outcome at a teaching hospital in Argentina","volume":"118","author":"Luna","year":"2000"},{"key":"R21","series-title":"Rev Infect Dis","first-page":"386","article-title":"Analysis of Q fever in Uruguay","volume":"9","author":"Somma-Moreira","year":"1987"},{"key":"R22","series-title":"Zentralbl Veterinarmed B","first-page":"287","article-title":"Q fever in Colombia, S.A. A serological survey of human and bovine populations","volume":"24","author":"de Ruiz","year":"1977"},{"key":"R23","series-title":"Rev Investig Cl\u00ednica Organo Hosp Enfermedades Nutr","first-page":"541","article-title":"What do we know about Q fever in Mexico?","volume":"64","author":"Araujo-Mel\u00e9ndez","year":"2012"},{"key":"R24","series-title":"Arch Inst Cardiol Mex","first-page":"322","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii endocarditis. A report of the first case diagnosed in Mexico [in Spanish]","volume":"68","author":"Sahag\u00fan S\u00e1nchez","year":"1998"},{"key":"R25","series-title":"Ann Hepatol","first-page":"138","article-title":"Granulomatous hepatitis caused by Q fever: a differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin","volume":"12","author":"Aguilar-Olivos","year":"2013"},{"key":"R26","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"1007","article-title":"A survey of Q fever antibodies in a high risk population in Panama","volume":"29","author":"Kourany","year":"1980"},{"key":"R27","series-title":"Am J Hyg","first-page":"158","article-title":"The identification of Q fever in Panama","volume":"44","author":"Cheney","year":"1946"},{"key":"R28","series-title":"Am J Hyg","first-page":"67","article-title":"Studies on Q fever in Panama","volume":"49","author":"De Rodaniche","year":"1949"},{"key":"R29","series-title":"New Microbiol","first-page":"219","article-title":"Frequency of seropositivity for Coxiella burnetii immunoglobulins in livestock and abattoir workers in Trinidad","volume":"34","author":"Adesiyun","year":"2011"},{"key":"R30","series-title":"West Indian Med J","first-page":"234","article-title":"A serological survey for Q. fever antibodies in man and animals in Jamaica, West Indies","volume":"10","author":"Grant","year":"1961"},{"key":"R31","series-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd","first-page":"2517","article-title":"Q-fever as a cause of myocarditis in childhood [in Dutch]","volume":"133","author":"Drexhage","year":"1989"},{"key":"R32","series-title":"Publ Cayenne Fr Guiana Inst Pasteur Guyane Fr Inini","first-page":"1","article-title":"Q fever in French Guiana [in French]","volume":"18","author":"Floch","year":"1957"},{"key":"R33","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"131","article-title":"Q fever in French Guiana: new trends","volume":"4","author":"Pfaff","year":"1998"},{"key":"R34","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"278","article-title":"Suburban transmission of Q fever in French Guiana: evidence of a wild reservoir","volume":"184","author":"Gardon","year":"2001"},{"key":"R35","series-title":"Bull Veille Sanit","article-title":"Epidemiology of Q fever in in Guyana, 1990\u20132006","author":"Grangier","year":"2009"},{"key":"R36","series-title":"Am J Epidemiol","first-page":"662","article-title":"Mapping disease incidence in suburban areas using remotely sensed data","volume":"156","author":"Tran","year":"2002"},{"key":"R37","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"339","article-title":"Effect of sex on Coxiella burnetii infection: protective role of 17\u03b2-estradiol","volume":"189","author":"Leone","year":"2004"},{"key":"R38","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"915","article-title":"Comparison between emerging Q fever in French Guiana and endemic Q fever in Marseille, France","volume":"90","author":"Edouard","year":"2014"},{"key":"R39","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1823","article-title":"Diagnosis of Q fever","volume":"36","author":"Fournier","year":"1998"},{"key":"R40","series-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol","first-page":"189","article-title":"Q fever serology: cutoff determination for microimmunofluorescence","volume":"1","author":"Dupont","year":"1994"},{"key":"R41","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"350","article-title":"Q fever in France, 1985\u20132009","volume":"17","author":"Frankel","year":"2011"},{"key":"R42","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1211","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii genotyping","volume":"11","author":"Glazunova","year":"2005"},{"key":"R43","series-title":"Infect Immun","first-page":"2469","article-title":"Q fever pneumonia: virulence of Coxiella burnetii pathovars in a murine model of aerosol infection","volume":"73","author":"Stein","year":"2005"},{"key":"R44","series-title":"Infect Immun","first-page":"5640","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii isolates cause genogroup-specific virulence in mouse and guinea pig models of acute Q fever","volume":"77","author":"Russell-Lodrigue","year":"2009"},{"key":"R45","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1102","article-title":"Unique clone of Coxiella burnetii causing severe Q fever, French Guiana","volume":"19","author":"Mahamat","year":"2013"},{"key":"R46","series-title":"Vet Microbiol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Survey of seroprevalence of Q fever in dogs in the southeast of France, French Guyana, Martinique, Senegal and the Ivory Coast","volume":"64","author":"Boni","year":"1998"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/91\/4\/article-p771.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/91\/4\/article-p771.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/91\/4\/article-p771.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T21:13:38Z","timestamp":1723065218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/91\/4\/article-p771.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0282","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,1]]}}}