{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:36:05Z","timestamp":1790166965527,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To investigate arbovirus transmission in North Dakota, we collected and screened mosquitoes for viral infection by Vero cell culture assay. Seven viruses were isolated from 13 mosquito species. Spatial and temporal distributions of the important vectors of West Nile virus (WNV), Cache Valley virus, Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV), and trivittatus virus are reported. Snowshoe hare virus, Potosi virus, and western equine encephalomyelitis virus were also isolated. The risks of <jats:italic>Culex tarsalis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Aedes vexans<\/jats:italic> transmitting WNV to humans were 61.4% and 34.0% in 2003\u20132006, respectively, but in 2003 when the largest epidemic was reported, risks for <jats:italic>Ae. vexans<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Cx. tarsalis<\/jats:italic> in Cass County were 73.6% and 23.9%, respectively. Risk of humans acquiring an infectious bite was greatest from about the second week of July through most of August. West Nile virus sequences were of the WN02 genotype. Most JCV strains belonged to a single clade of genetically related strains. Cache Valley virus and JCV were prevalent during August and early September and during July and August, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,9]],"date-time":"2014-12-09T06:05:23Z","timestamp":1418105123000},"page":"377-393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Arboviruses in North Dakota, 2003\u20132006"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"John F.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andy J.","family":"Main","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip M.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore G.","family":"Andreadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis J.","family":"Ferrandino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Public Health Rep","first-page":"1902","article-title":"Epidemic of infectious encephalitis","volume":"56","author":"Leake","year":"1941"},{"key":"R2","article-title":"West Nile virus maps","author":"U.S. Geological Survey","year":"2012"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Public Health Rep","first-page":"246","article-title":"Epidemiology of West Nile virus in the highly epidemic state of North Dakota, 2002\u20132007","volume":"125","author":"Borchardt","year":"2010"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"International Catalogue of Arboviruses Including Certain Other Viruses of Vertebrates","author":"Karabatsos","year":"1985"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Mosq News","first-page":"311","article-title":"Battery-operated light trap, an improved model","volume":"3","author":"Sudia","year":"1962"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Bull Conn Agric Exp Sta","first-page":"1","article-title":"Identification guide to the mosquitoes of Connecticut","volume":"966","author":"Andreadis","year":"2005"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Identification and Geographical Distribution of the Mosquitoes of North America, North of Mexico","author":"Darsie","year":"2005"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Procedures for Viral and Rickettsial Infections","first-page":"227","article-title":"Arboviruses","author":"Hammon","year":"1969"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"4066","article-title":"Rapid detection of West Nile virus from human clinical specimens, field-collected mosquitoes, and avian samples by a TaqMan reverse transcriptase-PCR assay","volume":"38","author":"Lanciotti","year":"2000"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"J Gen Virol","first-page":"597","article-title":"The S RNA genome segments of Batai, Cache Valley, Guaroa, Kairi, Lumbo, Main Drain and Northway bunyaviruses: sequence determination and analysis","volume":"75","author":"Dunn","year":"1994"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"491","article-title":"A new genetic variant of La Crosse virus (Bunyaviridae) isolated from New England","volume":"75","author":"Armstrong","year":"2006"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Mol Phylogenet Evol","first-page":"195","article-title":"Evolutionary characterization of the West Nile virus complete genome","volume":"56","author":"Gray","year":"2010"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Mol Eiol Evol","first-page":"2731","article-title":"MEGA5: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods","volume":"28","author":"Tamura","year":"2011"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"1157","article-title":"Genetic relationships of Jamestown Canyon virus strains infecting mosquitoes collected in Connecticut","volume":"77","author":"Armstrong","year":"2007"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"PooledInfRate. 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