{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T12:27:35Z","timestamp":1763036855608},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, three molecular assays (real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction [PCR], merozoite surface antigen gene [<jats:italic>MSP<\/jats:italic>]-multiplex PCR, and the PlasmoNex Multiplex PCR Kit) have been developed for diagnosis of <jats:italic>Plasmodium<\/jats:italic> species. In total, 52 microscopy-positive and 20 malaria-negative samples were used in this study. We found that real-time multiplex PCR was the most sensitive for detecting <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>. The <jats:italic>MSP<\/jats:italic>-multiplex PCR assay and the PlasmoNex Multiplex PCR Kit were equally sensitive for diagnosing <jats:italic>P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic> infection, whereas the PlasmoNex Multiplex PCR Kit and real-time multiplex PCR showed similar sensitivity for detecting <jats:italic>P. vivax<\/jats:italic>. The three molecular assays displayed 100% specificity for detecting malaria samples. We observed no significant differences between <jats:italic>MSP<\/jats:italic>-multiplex PCR and the PlasmoNex multiplex PCR kit (McNemar's test: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.1489). However, significant differences were observed comparing real-time multiplex PCR with the PlasmoNex Multiplex PCR Kit (McNemar's test: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0044) or real-time multiplex PCR with <jats:italic>MSP<\/jats:italic>-multiplex PCR (McNemar's test: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0012).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]],"date-time":"2014-11-11T03:53:57Z","timestamp":1415678037000},"page":"28-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparison of Three Molecular Methods for the Detection and Speciation of Five Human Plasmodium Species"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Yee Ling","family":"Lau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng Yee","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia N.","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phooi Yee","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanitha","family":"Palaeya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mun Yik","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohela","family":"Mahmud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"year":"2012","series-title":"The World Malaria Report 2012","author":"World Health Organization","key":"R1"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"EMBO J","first-page":"6673","article-title":"Immune response of Anopheles gambiae to the early sporogonic stages of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum","volume":"21","author":"Tahar","year":"2002"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1118","article-title":"Evaluation of the sensitivity of a pLDH-based and an aldolase-based rapid diagnostic test for diagnosis of uncomplicated and severe malaria caused by PCR-confirmed Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax","volume":"51","author":"Barber","year":"2013"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Trends Parasitol","first-page":"440","article-title":"Why do we need to know more about mixed Plasmodium species infections in humans?","volume":"20","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2008"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"Trends Parasitol","first-page":"233","article-title":"Mixed-species malaria infections in humans","volume":"20","author":"Mayxay","year":"2004"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Mol Diagn Ther","first-page":"299","article-title":"Diagnosis of malaria: challenges for clinicians in endemic and non-endemic regions","volume":"12","author":"Bronzan","year":"2008"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"118","article-title":"Reader technique as a source of variability in determining malaria parasite density by microscopy","volume":"5","author":"O'Meara","year":"2006"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"497","article-title":"Current strategies to avoid misdiagnosis of malaria","volume":"9","author":"Hanscheid","year":"2003"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"621","article-title":"Use and limitations of light microscopy for diagnosing malaria at the primary health care level","volume":"66","author":"Payne","year":"1988"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1017","article-title":"A large focus of naturally acquired Plasmodium knowlesi infections in human beings","volume":"363","author":"Singh","year":"2004"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"975","article-title":"Multiplexed real-time PCR assay for discrimination of Plasmodium species with improved sensitivity for mixed infections","volume":"47","author":"Shokoples","year":"2009"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"BMC Res Notes","first-page":"88","article-title":"Evaluation of three PCR-based diagnostic assays for detecting mixed Plasmodium infection","volume":"3","author":"Mixson-Hayden","year":"2010"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"238","article-title":"Is molecular biology the best alternative for diagnosis of malaria to microscopy? 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