{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T06:30:53Z","timestamp":1792737053993,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The etiology of fever in rural Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) has remained obscure until recently owing to the lack of laboratory facilities. We conducted a study to determine the causes of fever among 229 patients without malaria in Savannakhet Province, southern Laos; 52% had evidence of at least one diagnosis (45% with single and 7% with apparent multiple infections). Among patients with only one diagnosis, dengue (30.1%) was the most common, followed by leptospirosis (7.0%), Japanese encephalitis virus infection (3.5%), scrub typhus (2.6%), spotted fever group infection (0.9%), unspecified flavivirus infection (0.9%), and murine typhus (0.4%). We discuss the empirical treatment of fever in relation to these findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]],"date-time":"2015-07-06T22:09:49Z","timestamp":1436220589000},"page":"517-520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Causes of Fever in Rural Southern Laos"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Mayfong","family":"Mayxay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onanong","family":"Sengvilaipaseuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anisone","family":"Chanthongthip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Dubot-P\u00e9r\u00e8s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Rolain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Parola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott 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N.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Lancet Glob Health","first-page":"e46","article-title":"Causes of non-malarial fever in Laos: a prospective study","volume":"1","author":"Mayxay","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"978","article-title":"Causes of community-acquired bacteremia and patterns of antimicrobial resistance in Vientiane, Laos","volume":"75","author":"Phetsouvanh","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"256","article-title":"Rickettsial infections and fever, Vientiane, Laos","volume":"12","author":"Phongmany","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"1157","article-title":"An open, randomized comparison of artesunate plus mefloquine vs. dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos)","volume":"11","author":"Mayxay","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"J Clin Virol","first-page":"61","article-title":"Development and validation of real-time one-step reverse transcription-PCR for the detection and typing of dengue viruses","volume":"45","author":"Leparc-Goffart","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"475","article-title":"The infective causes of hepatitis and jaundice amongst hospitalised patients in Vientiane, Laos","volume":"104","author":"Syhavong","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1021","article-title":"Chloroquine versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Savannakhet Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic: an assessment of national antimalarial drug recommendations","volume":"37","author":"Mayxay","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1139","article-title":"Randomized comparison of chloroquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine versus artesunate plus mefloquine versus artemether-lumefantrine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Lao People's Democratic Republic","volume":"39","author":"Mayxay","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e2163","article-title":"Concurrent infection with murine typhus and scrub typhus in southern Laos\u2014the mixed and unmixed","volume":"7","author":"Phommasone","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e360","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of NS1 ELISA and lateral flow rapid tests for dengue sensitivity, specificity and relationship to viraemia and antibody responses","volume":"3","author":"Hang","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"WPSAR","first-page":"7","article-title":"National dengue surveillance in the Lao People's Democratic Republic, 2006\u20132012: epidemiological and laboratory findings","volume":"5","author":"Khampapongpane","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"PLoS NTD","first-page":"e2360","article-title":"An epidemic of dengue-1 in a remote village in rural Laos","volume":"7","author":"Dubot-P\u00e9r\u00e8s","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e44269","article-title":"Mapping the aetiology of non-malarial febrile illness in SE Asia\u2014terra incognita impairing empirical treatment policies","volume":"7","author":"Acestor","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e44545","article-title":"Defining disease heterogeneity to guide the empirical treatment of febrile illness in resource poor settings","volume":"7","author":"White","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and 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