{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:32:39Z","timestamp":1790645559100,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    An increase of sexually transmitted shigellosis is currently being reported in developed countries. In addition, travel-related shigellosis can introduce resistant strains that could be disseminated within this new scenario. Epidemiological features and antimicrobial susceptibility of shigellosis depending on where infection was acquired were investigated. From 2008 to 2013, subjects with shigellosis were studied. Patients were classified according to acquisition of\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    as traveler's diarrhea (TD) or domestically acquired diarrhea (DAD). Ninety cases of shigellosis were identified: 76 corresponding to the TD group and 14 to the DAD group. In the DAD group, most of patients were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), being shigellosis associated to male sex (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.007) and HIV infection (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.0001).\n                    <jats:italic>S. sonnei<\/jats:italic>\n                    (47.8%) and\n                    <jats:italic>S. flexneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    (42.2%) were the predominant species. The highest resistance was detected for trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) (81.8%), followed by ampicillin (AMP) (37.8%) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) (23.3%). Resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains were more frequent in subjects with TD than those with DAD, although only for CIP the difference was significant (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.034). Continuous monitoring of patients with shigellosis is necessary to control the spread of resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains and for effective therapy. Men with shigellosis who have not traveled to an endemic area should be screened for HIV infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,20]],"date-time":"2015-07-20T22:35:16Z","timestamp":1437431716000},"page":"491-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Shigellosis in Subjects with Traveler's Diarrhea Versus Domestically Acquired Diarrhea: Implications for Antimicrobial Therapy and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Surveillance"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Toro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Sarria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Iglesias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Enr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Baquero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concepci\u00f3n Ladr\u00f3n","family":"de Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis","first-page":"522","article-title":"Current concepts in traveller's diarrhea: epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment","volume":"18","author":"Okhuysen","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Curr Trop Med Rep","first-page":"81","article-title":"Shigella: a highly virulent and elusive pathogen","volume":"1","author":"Zaidi","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"65","article-title":"Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies","volume":"77","author":"Kotloff","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1718","article-title":"Decrease in shigellosis-related deaths without Shigella spp.-specific interventions, 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Cameroon","volume":"5","author":"Njunda","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and 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