{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:11:35Z","timestamp":1768284695271,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is defined as the intermittent administration of full treatment courses of an antimalarial drug to children during the peak of malaria transmission season with the aim of preventing malaria-associated mortality and morbidity. SMC using sulfadoxine\u2013pyrimethamine (SP) combined with amodiaquine (AQ) is a promising strategy to control malaria morbidity in areas of highly seasonal malaria transmission. However, a concern is whether SMC can delay the natural acquisition of immunity toward malaria parasites in areas with intense SMC delivery. To investigate this, total IgG antibody (Ab) responses to <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> antigens glutamate-rich protein R0 (GLURP-R0) and apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in Senegalese children under the age of 10 years in 2010 living in Saraya and Velingara districts (with SMC using SP + AQ [SMC+] since 2007) and Tambacounda district (without SMC (SMC\u2212)). For both <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> antigens, total IgG response were significantly higher in the SMC\u2212 compared with the SMC+ group (for GLURP-R0, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001 and for AMA-1, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). There was as well a nonsignificant tendency for higher percentage of positive responders in the SMC\u2212 compared with the SMC+ group (for GLURP-R0: 22.2% versus 14.4%, respectively [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.06]; for AMA-1: 45.6% versus 40.0%, respectively [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.24]). Results suggest that long-term malaria chemoprevention by SMC\/SP + AQ have limited impact on the development of acquired immunity, as tested using the <jats:italic>P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> antigens GLURP-R0 and AMA-1. However, other factors, not measured in this study, may interfere as well.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]],"date-time":"2015-08-18T02:10:23Z","timestamp":1439863823000},"page":"798-800","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Potential Impact of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention on the Acquisition of Antibodies Against Glutamate-Rich Protein and Apical Membrane Antigen 1 in Children Living in Southern Senegal"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Magatte","family":"Ndiaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khadime","family":"Sylla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doudou","family":"Sow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Tine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Babacar","family":"Faye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Louis","family":"Ndiaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yemou","family":"Dieng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aminata Coll\u00e9","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Abiola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Badara","family":"Cisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daouda","family":"Ndiaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Theisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oumar","family":"Gaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Alifrangis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1481","article-title":"Intermittent preventive antimalarial treatment for Tanzanian infants: follow-up to age 2 years of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"365","author":"Schellenberg","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1533","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria in African infants: a pooled analysis of six randomised, placebo-controlled trials","volume":"374","author":"Aponte","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"2603","article-title":"Effect of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance on the efficacy of intermittent preventive therapy for malaria control during pregnancy: a systematic review","volume":"297","author":"ter Kuile","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"A Strategic Framework for Malaria Prevention and Control during Pregnancy in the African Region","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"PLoS 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An. funestus Giles and An. nili (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae) and transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in a Sudano-Guinean zone (Ngari, Senegal)","volume":"40","author":"Dia","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"195","article-title":"Dried blood spots as a source of anti-malarial antibodies for epidemiological studies","volume":"7","author":"Corran","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"392","article-title":"Serologic markers for detecting malaria in areas of low endemicity, Somalia, 2008","volume":"16","author":"Bousema","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Infect Immun","first-page":"1207","article-title":"Differential patterns of human immunoglobulin G subclass responses to distinct regions of a single protein, the merozoite surface protein 1 of Plasmodium falciparum","volume":"69","author":"Cavanagh","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Malar J","first-page":"363","article-title":"Immunological consequences of intermittent preventive treatment against malaria in Senegalese preschool children","volume":"9","author":"Boulanger","year":"2010"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and 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