{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]],"date-time":"2026-04-12T06:45:06Z","timestamp":1775976306237,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human gnathostomiasis is one of the important food-borne parasitic zoonoses. The disease is caused by a spirurid roundworm of the genus <jats:italic>Gnathostoma<\/jats:italic>. Here, we describe three parasitological confirmed cases of human gnathostomiasis, caused by <jats:italic>Gnathostoma spinigerum<\/jats:italic>, in a hospital in Thailand during 2004\u20132012. Clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of cases were revealed. Parasites were accidentally recovered from patients and morphologically identified as <jats:italic>Gnathostoma<\/jats:italic> species. Confirmed diagnosis and identification of causative parasite species was made by DNA extraction of the recovered worms, followed by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the second internal transcribed spacer region (ITS2) of DNA and the partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (<jats:italic>cox-1<\/jats:italic>) gene. Sequences corresponding to ITS2 and <jats:italic>cox-1<\/jats:italic> were similar to <jats:italic>G. spinigerum<\/jats:italic>. To our knowledge, this study represents the first molecular confirmation that recovered <jats:italic>G. spinigerum<\/jats:italic> is a causative agent of human infection in Thailand.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0284","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,10]],"date-time":"2015-06-10T13:03:20Z","timestamp":1433941400000},"page":"615-618","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Three Human Gnathostomiasis Cases in Thailand with Molecular Identification of Causative Parasite Species"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Jurairat","family":"Jongthawin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pewpan 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neurognathostomiasis","volume":"8","author":"Intapan","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Nucleic Acids Symp Ser","first-page":"95","article-title":"BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95\/98\/NT","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Mol Biol Evol","first-page":"2725","article-title":"MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0","volume":"30","author":"Tamura","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"A Monograph on the Genus Gnathostoma and Gnathostomiasis in Thailand","author":"Daengsvang","year":"1980"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"J Helminthol","first-page":"7","article-title":"Comparative study on DNA sequences of ribosomal DNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 of mitochondrial DNA among five species of gnathostomes","volume":"80","author":"Ando","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Parasitol Int","first-page":"65","article-title":"Analysis of sequence variation in Gnathostoma spinigerum mitochondrial DNA by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and DNA sequence","volume":"54","author":"Ngarmamonpirat","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"J Parasitol","first-page":"537","article-title":"ITS-2 rDNA sequencing of Gnathostoma species (Nematoda) and elucidation of the species causing gnathostomiasis in the Americas","volume":"86","author":"Almeyda-Artigas","year":"2000"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and 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