{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T03:40:13Z","timestamp":1781840413929,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pinta is a neglected, chronic skin disease that was first described in the sixteenth century in Mexico. The World Health Organization lists 15 countries in Latin America where pinta was previously endemic. However, the current prevalence of pinta is unknown due to the lack of surveillance data. The etiological agent of pinta, <jats:italic>Treponema carateum<\/jats:italic>, cannot be distinguished morphologically or serologically from the not-yet-cultivable <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic> subspecies that cause venereal syphilis, yaws, and bejel. Although genomic sequencing has enabled the development of molecular techniques to differentiate the <jats:italic>T. pallidum<\/jats:italic> subspecies, comparable information is not available for <jats:italic>T. carateum<\/jats:italic>. Because of the influx of migrants and refugees from Latin America, U.S. physicians should consider pinta in the differential diagnosis of skin diseases in children and adolescents who come from areas where pinta was previously endemic and have a positive reaction in serological tests for syphilis. All stages of pinta are treatable with a single intramuscular injection of penicillin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,25]],"date-time":"2015-08-25T01:50:21Z","timestamp":1440467421000},"page":"901-903","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Pinta: Latin America's Forgotten Disease?"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Lola V.","family":"Stamm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"89","article-title":"The endemic treponematoses","volume":"27","author":"Giacani","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e2283","article-title":"Advances in the diagnosis of endemic treponematoses: yaws, bejel, and pinta","volume":"7","author":"Mitj\u00e0","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Clin Dermatol","first-page":"687","article-title":"Treponemal infections in pediatric populations","volume":"18","author":"Parish","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Endeavor","first-page":"13","article-title":"From badge of pride to cause of stigma: combating mal del pinto in Mexico","volume":"37","author":"Carrillo","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Internatl J Epidemiol","first-page":"349","article-title":"Pinta, yaws, and venereal syphilis in Columbia","volume":"6","author":"Hopkins","year":"1977"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"32","article-title":"Specificity of antibodies from patients with pinta for antigens of Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum","volume":"157","author":"Fohn","year":"1988"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Med Cutan Ibero Lat Am","first-page":"239","article-title":"Aspectos histopatologicos da pinta terciaria","volume":"15","author":"Pecher","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Cutis","first-page":"425","article-title":"Tertiary pinta: case reports and overview","volume":"51","author":"Fuchs","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Arch Dermatol","first-page":"685","article-title":"Pinta in Austria (or Cuba?). Import of an extinct disease?","volume":"135","author":"Woltsche-Kahr","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Arch Derm Syphilol","first-page":"463","article-title":"Pinta in Cuba. Special clinical features of the Cuban cases and discovery of a spirochete in active lesions and in the lymph glands","volume":"41","author":"S\u00e1enz","year":"1940"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Am J Syph Gonorrhea Vener Dis","first-page":"336","article-title":"Bacteriologic and serologic aspects of pinta","volume":"38","author":"Rein","year":"1954"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Arch Dermatol Syph","first-page":"843","article-title":"Pinta. Mal del pinto; carate","volume":"45","author":"Pardo-Castello","year":"1942"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Science","first-page":"309","article-title":"The experimental transmission of pinta, mal del pinto or carate to the rabbit","volume":"101","author":"Le\u00f3n-Blanco","year":"1945"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Br J Vener Dis","first-page":"311","article-title":"Inoculation pinta in chimpanzees","volume":"46","author":"Kuhn","year":"1970"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"342","article-title":"Single-dose azithromycin versus benzathine benzylpenicillin for treatment of yaws in children in Papua New Guinea: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised trial","volume":"379","author":"Mitj\u00e0","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"933","article-title":"Notice to readers: recommendations regarding screening of refugee children for treponemal infection","volume":"54","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"J Anc Dis Prev Rem","first-page":"102","article-title":"Yaws and pinta\u2014the pain is gone but the memories remain","volume":"1","author":"Rapose","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/93\/5\/article-p901.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/93\/5\/article-p901.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/93\/5\/article-p901.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T18:55:08Z","timestamp":1723056908000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/93\/5\/article-p901.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0329","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]]}}}