{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:13:53Z","timestamp":1790345633578,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mumps, a highly contagious, viral disease continues to spread in India, despite the availability of an effective vaccine. On November 24, 2014, we came across a suspected case of mumps in a 6-year-old boy in a village of Bhusandapur sector in Odisha. We initiated an outbreak investigation using standard techniques outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. This uncovered a silent epidemic of 94 case patients (10% of the population) over a period of 16 weeks between August and December 2014, in a single village, which had gone completely unnoticed by the existing health-care system. Since the index case was one of the last case patients of the outbreak, investigation for immediate control was not a priority. Hence, we have used this exercise to describe the outbreak and identify causes that led to its nondetection. Age range of the case patients was between 2 and 40 years; 85 (90.4%) case patients were \u2264 15 years of age and 54 (57.4%) were females. Average duration of illness was 9 days. No child had received the mumps vaccine. The outbreak had led to a community expenditure of 538 USD. The exercise uncovered a number of weak links in the essential public health services within the health-care delivery system in the area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]],"date-time":"2017-03-14T17:27:00Z","timestamp":1489512420000},"page":"1215-1221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Investigating Mumps Outbreak in Odisha, India: An Opportunity to Assess the Health System by Utilizing the Essential Public Health Services Framework"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Sourabh","family":"Paul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Preetam B.","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyotiranjan","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikas","family":"Bhatia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonu H.","family":"Subba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Indian Pediatr","first-page":"505","article-title":"IAP position paper on burden of mumps in India and vaccination strategies","volume":"52","author":"Vashishtha","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"3","article-title":"Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review","volume":"77","author":"Galazka","year":"1999"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme","author":"NCDC, DGHS, MOHFW, GOI","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"National Public Health Performance Standards (NPHPS)","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"WHO-Recommended Surveillance Standard of Mumps","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1458","article-title":"Mumps outbreaks in vaccinated populations: are available mumps vaccine effective enough to prevent outbreaks?","volume":"47","author":"Dayan","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"The National Advisory Committee on Immunization. Canadian Immunization Guide","author":"Public Health Agency of Canada","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Drug \u201cMeasles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine\u201d Price List","author":"Med India Network for Health","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"Indian Pediatr","first-page":"441","article-title":"Introducing combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccine in Chandigarh, India: issues and concerns!","volume":"51","author":"Bhatnagar","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Indian Pediatr","first-page":"379","article-title":"Introduction strategy of a second dose measles containing vaccine in India","volume":"48","author":"Gupta","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Minutes and Recommendations of National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization (NTAGI)","author":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Emerg Health Threats J","first-page":"1","article-title":"Infectious disease burden in Gujarat (2005\u20132011): comparison of selected infectious disease rates with India","volume":"7","author":"Iyer","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Family Med Prim Care","first-page":"213","article-title":"Tracking the implementation to identify gaps in integrated disease surveillance program in a block of district jhajjar (Haryana)","volume":"3","author":"Kumar","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Arch Virol","first-page":"2359","article-title":"Genotyping and subtyping of mumps virus isolates from the Indian subcontinent","volume":"158","author":"Mishra","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"587","article-title":"Human resources for health in India","volume":"377","author":"Rao","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Hum Resour Health","first-page":"1","article-title":"So many, yet few: human resources for health in India","volume":"10","author":"Rao","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"WHO South-East Asia J Public Health","first-page":"106","article-title":"Health workforce in India: assessment of availability, production and distribution","volume":"2","author":"Hazarika","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Natl Med J India","first-page":"111","article-title":"India's health workforce: current status and the way forward","volume":"25","author":"Garg","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"Health Worker Attitudes toward Rural Service in India: Results from Qualitative Research","author":"Health Nutrition Population, World Bank","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) Guidelines for Primary Health Centers Revised 2012","author":"National Health Mission, Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"Improving the Performance of Accredited Social Health Activists in India. 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