{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T15:26:20Z","timestamp":1780327580236,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The first oral cholera vaccine (OCV) campaign, since its prequalification by the World Health Organization, in response to an ongoing cholera epidemic (reactive vaccination) was successfully conducted in a poor urban slum of approximately 70,000 inhabitants in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, in 2012. Vaccine coverage was 75% of the target population. This report documents the impact of OCV in reducing the number of culture-confirmed cases of cholera admitted to the Groupe Ha\u00eftien d'Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes (GHESKIO) cholera treatment center from that community in the 37 months postvaccination (April 2012\u2013April 30, 2015). Of 1,788 patients with culture-confirmed cholera, 1,770 (99%) were either from outside the vaccine area (1,400 cases) or from the vaccinated community who had not received OCV (370 cases). Of the 388 people from the catchment area who developed culture-confirmed cholera, 370 occurred among the 17,643 people who had not been vaccinated (2.1%) and the remaining 18 occurred among the 52,357 people (0.034%) who had been vaccinated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), for an efficacy that approximates 97.5%. Despite not being designed as a randomized control trial, the very high efficacy is a strong evidence for the effectiveness of OCV as part of an integrated package for the control of cholera in outbreak settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T03:34:11Z","timestamp":1456803251000},"page":"1136-1142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Effectiveness of Oral Cholera Vaccine in Haiti: 37-Month Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Karine","family":"S\u00e9v\u00e8re","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Rouzier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stravinsky Benedict","family":"Anglade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudin","family":"Bertil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Deroncelay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Marcelle","family":"Mabou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter F.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence Duperval","family":"Guillaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean William","family":"Pape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep","first-page":"1411","article-title":"Cholera outbreak\u2014Haiti, October 2010","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly. Rep","first-page":"1586","article-title":"Update: outbreak of Cholera\u2014Haiti","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"325","article-title":"Cholera Annual Report, 2010","volume":"31","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"2105","article-title":"Considerations for oral cholera vaccine use during outbreak after earthquake in Haiti, 2010\u20132011","volume":"17","author":"Date","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"289","article-title":"Cholera Annual Report, 2011","volume":"87","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"625","article-title":"Predictors of disease severity in patients admitted to a cholera treatment center in urban haiti","volume":"89","author":"Valcin","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"511","article-title":"Importace of cholera and other etiologies of acute diarrhea in post-earthquake Port-au-Prince, Haiti","volume":"90","author":"Charles","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0003832","article-title":"Updated global burden of cholera in endemic countries","volume":"9","author":"Ali","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"UNICEF Statistics at a glance: Haiti"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"2048","article-title":"Five complementary interventions to slow cholera: Haiti","volume":"376","author":"Ivers","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e952","article-title":"The case for reactive mass oral cholera vaccinations","volume":"5","author":"Reyburn","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1211","article-title":"Considerations for oral cholera vaccine use during outbreak after earthquake in Haiti, 2010\u20132011","volume":"18","author":"Von Seidlein","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA","first-page":"7081","article-title":"Vaccination strategies for epidemic cholera in Haiti with implications for the developing world","volume":"108","author":"Chao","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"2026","article-title":"Oral cholera vaccine and integrated cholera control in Haiti","volume":"379","author":"Ivers","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"617","article-title":"Use of oral cholera vaccine in Haiti: a rural demonstration project","volume":"89","author":"Ivers","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"671","article-title":"Cholera vaccination in urban Haiti","volume":"89","author":"Rouzier","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"714","article-title":"Stockpiling oral cholera vaccine","volume":"90","author":"Martin","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"881","article-title":"Post-licensure deployment of oral cholera vaccines: a systematic review","volume":"92","author":"Martin","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"e27","article-title":"The GHESKIO refugee camp after the earthquake in Haiti\u2013dispatch 2 from Port-au-Prince","volume":"362","author":"Pape","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref20","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"1055","article-title":"Field evaluation of vaccine efficacy","volume":"63","author":"Orenstein","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref21","series-title":"CIDRAP News","article-title":"Cholera vaccine worked well during outbreak","author":"Schnirring","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref22","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"2111","article-title":"Use of Vibrio cholerae vaccine in an outbreak in Guinea","volume":"370","author":"Luquero","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref23","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"1050","article-title":"5 year efficacy of a bivalent killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccine in Kolkata, India: a cluster-randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Bhattacharya","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref24","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e1289","article-title":"Efficacy of a low-cost, inactivated whole-cell oral cholera vaccine: results from 3 years of follow-up of a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Sur","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref25","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"599","article-title":"Cholera surveillance during the Haiti epidemic\u2014the first 2 years","volume":"368","author":"Barzilay","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref26","series-title":"Lancet Glob Health","first-page":"e162","article-title":"Effectiveness of reactive oral cholera vaccination in rural Haiti: a case-control study and bias-indicator analysis","volume":"3","author":"Ivers","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref27","series-title":"Vaccine","first-page":"2323","article-title":"The coalition for cholera prevention and control meeting","volume":"31","author":"Hinman","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref28","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"2067","article-title":"Embracing oral cholera vaccine\u2013shifting response to cholera","volume":"370","author":"Pape","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/5\/article-p1136.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/5\/article-p1136.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/5\/article-p1136.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T22:07:04Z","timestamp":1723068424000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/5\/article-p1136.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0700","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]]}}}