{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T03:38:25Z","timestamp":1789702705955,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The relationship between results from Kato-Katz (KK) fecal microscopy and urine-based point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) assays for\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection remains a critical issue. This systematic literature review of 25 published papers compares prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection by KK with that by the POC-CCA assay. Nineteen published studies met our inclusion criteria for data extraction and analysis. Above a prevalence of 50% by KK, KK and POC-CCA results yielded essentially the same prevalence. Below 50% prevalence by KK, the prevalence by the POC-CCA assay was between 1.5- and 6-fold higher and increased as prevalence by KK decreased. Five of nine publications met inclusion criteria for extractable data on intensity of\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection by KK assay and visual band density using the POC-CCA assay. A clear positive relationship exists between intensity by the KK and POC-CCA assays. This systematic review indicates that below 50% prevalence, the POC-CCA assay is much more sensitive than the KK assay. However, the existing data are inadequate to precisely define the relationship between POC-CCA and KK at lower levels of KK prevalence. More studies directly comparing the two assays in low-prevalence areas are essential to inform decision-making by national schistosomiasis control programs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,11]],"date-time":"2016-01-11T23:08:25Z","timestamp":1452553705000},"page":"605-610","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Comparison of Schistosoma mansoni Prevalence and Intensity of Infection, as Determined by the Circulating Cathodic Antigen Urine Assay or by the Kato-Katz Fecal Assay: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Nupur","family":"Kittur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer D.","family":"Castleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl H.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel G.","family":"Colley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Helminth Control in School-Age Children: A Guide for Managers of Control Programmes","author":"WHO","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo","first-page":"397","article-title":"A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in schistosomiasis mansoni","volume":"14","author":"Katz","year":"1972"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Parasitol Today","first-page":"305","article-title":"A pocket chart to estimate true Schistosoma mansoni prevalences","volume":"9","author":"de 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cathodic antigen test for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni in preschool-aged children before and after Treatment","volume":"7","author":"Coulibaly","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref28","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"1029","article-title":"Evaluation of urine-circulating cathodic antigen (Urine-CCA) cassette test for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni infection in areas of moderate prevalence in Ethiopia","volume":"18","author":"Erko","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref29","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e3139","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of multiple Kato-Katz thick smears and a circulating cathodic antigen test for Schistosoma mansoni diagnosis pre- and post-repeated-praziquantel treatment","volume":"8","author":"Lamberton","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref30","series-title":"Parasites & Vectors","first-page":"7","article-title":"Performance of circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) urine-dipsticks for rapid detection of intestinal schistosomiasis in schoolchildren from shoreline communities of Lake Victoria","volume":"3","author":"Standley","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref31","series-title":"Parasites & Vectors","first-page":"64","article-title":"Epidemiology and control of intestinal schistosomiasis on the Sesse Islands, Uganda: integrating malacology and parasitology to tailor local treatment recommendations","volume":"3","author":"Standley","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref32","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e1758","article-title":"Evaluation of circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) urine-tests for diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection in Cameroon","volume":"6","author":"Tchuente","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and 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