{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T20:13:45Z","timestamp":1765484025087},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by the saprophytic bacterium <jats:italic>Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>. In northeast Thailand and northern Australia, where the disease is highly endemic, a range of molecular tools have been used to study its epidemiology and pathogenesis. In the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) where melioidosis has been recognized as endemic since 1999, no such studies have been undertaken. We used a multilocus sequence typing scheme specific for <jats:italic>B. pseudomallei<\/jats:italic> to investigate nine cases of culture-positive recurrence occurring in 514 patients with melioidosis between 2010 and 2015: four were suspected to be relapses while the other five represented reinfections. In addition, two novel sequence types of the bacterium were identified. The low overall recurrence rates (2.4%) and proportions of relapse and reinfection in the Laos are consistent with those described in the recent literature, reflecting the effective use of appropriate antimicrobial therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,22]],"date-time":"2016-03-22T03:56:18Z","timestamp":1458618978000},"page":"1208-1211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Investigation of Recurrent Melioidosis in Lao People's Democratic Republic by Multilocus Sequence Typing"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Audrey","family":"Rachlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Dittrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koukeo","family":"Phommasone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anousone","family":"Douangnouvong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rattanaphone","family":"Phetsouvanh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul N.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A. B.","family":"Dance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"807","article-title":"Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole plus doxycycline as oral eradicative treatment for melioidosis (MERTH): a multicentre, double-blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial","volume":"383","author":"Chetchotisakd","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"301","article-title":"Melioidosis: acute and chronic disease, relapse and re-activation","volume":"94","author":"Currie","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"6032","article-title":"Recurrent melioidosis in patients in northeast Thailand is frequently due to reinfection rather than relapse","volume":"43","author":"Maharjan","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"650","article-title":"Recurrent melioidosis in the Darwin Prospective Melioidosis Study: improving therapies mean that relapse cases are now rare","volume":"52","author":"Sarovich","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e900","article-title":"The epidemiology and clinical spectrum of melioidosis: 540 cases from the 20 year Darwin prospective study","volume":"4","author":"Currie","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"653","article-title":"Melioidosis and Pandora's box in the Lao People's Democratic Republic","volume":"32","author":"Phetsouvanh","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref7","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"e2","article-title":"Workshop on treatment of and postexposure prophylaxis for Burkholderia pseudomallei and B. mallei infection","volume":"18","author":"Lipsitz","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol","first-page":"728","article-title":"MLST revisited: the gene-by-gene approach to bacterial genomics","volume":"11","author":"Maiden","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref9","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"2068","article-title":"Multilocus sequence typing and evolutionary relationships among the causative agents of melioidosis and glanders, Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei","volume":"41","author":"Godoy","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref10","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1687","article-title":"Subdivision of Burkholderia pseudomallei ribotypes into multiple types by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis provides new insights into epidemiology","volume":"33","author":"Haase","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref11","series-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol","first-page":"3463","article-title":"Distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei in northern Australia, a land of diversity","volume":"80","author":"McRobb","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"2951","article-title":"Multilocus sequence typing of historical Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates collected in southeast Asia from 1964 to 1967 provides insight into the epidemiology of melioidosis","volume":"44","author":"McCombie","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"282","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from an unusual melioidosis case identifies a polyclonal infection with the same multilocus sequence type","volume":"53","author":"Price","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"680","article-title":"Recurrent melioidosis: possible role of infection with multiple strains of Burkholderia pseudomallei","volume":"45","author":"Pitt","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"3418","article-title":"Microevolution of Burkholderia pseudomallei during an acute infection","volume":"52","author":"Limmathurotsakul","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"3830","article-title":"Simultaneous infection with more than one strain of Burkholderia pseudomallei is uncommon in human melioidosis","volume":"45","author":"Limmathurotsakul","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/6\/article-p1208.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/6\/article-p1208.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/6\/article-p1208.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T22:05:33Z","timestamp":1723068333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/94\/6\/article-p1208.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0909","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-1645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]]}}}