{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T21:06:43Z","timestamp":1724792803929},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis C virus (HCV)\/<jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> coinfection is common in Egypt and other developing countries. This study aimed to investigate the influence of HCV\/<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> coinfection on the concentration of HCV\u2013nonstructural protein-4 (NS4) in addition to collagen III and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in different hepatic fibrosis stages. We found that coinfected patients (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 186) showed significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05, Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test) higher concentrations of HCV-NS4, collagen III, and collagen III\/MMP-1 ratio (CMR) than those with HCV monoinfection (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 104) in different fibrosis stages. Conversely, coinfected patients showed significantly lower concentrations of MMP-1 when compared with HCV monoinfection. The elevated levels of CMR in case of HCV monoinfection yielded an estimated odds ratio of 1.8 and 2.6 for developing significant fibrosis (F2-F4) and cirrhosis (F4), respectively. HCV\/<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> coinfection increased the risk for developing F2-F4 and F4 several fold yielding an estimated odds ratio of 11.1 and 5.2, respectively. This means that coinfected patients have a 6-fold and 2-fold increased risk of developing F2-F4 and F4, respectively, over HCV-monoinfected patients. Thus, elevated levels of HCV-NS4 and CMR in HCV\/<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> coinfection suggest increased susceptibility of coinfected patients, compared with those with HCV monoinfection, for accelerating hepatic fibrosis progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,16]],"date-time":"2016-08-16T00:43:10Z","timestamp":1471308190000},"page":"1044-1050","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Impact of Hepatitis C Virus\/Schistosoma mansoni Coinfection on the Circulating Levels of HCV-NS4 Protein and Extracellular-Matrix Deposition in Patients with Different Hepatic Fibrosis Stages"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Abdelfattah M.","family":"Attallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanaa O.","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed S.","family":"Albannan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed M.","family":"Omran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Attallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Farid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"J Hepatol","first-page":"392","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"60","author":"European Association for Study of Liver","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Lancet Glob Health","first-page":"e495","article-title":"Curbing hepatitis C virus spread in Egypt","volume":"2","author":"Negro","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","first-page":"107","article-title":"Evolving epidemiology of hepatitis C virus","volume":"17","author":"Lavanchy","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am","first-page":"383","article-title":"Schistosomiasis","volume":"26","author":"Gryseels","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"2253","article-title":"Human 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