{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:05:43Z","timestamp":1790744743179,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Hymenolepis nana<\/jats:italic> is the most common cestode infection in the world. However, limited information is available regarding its impact on affected populations. We studied the epidemiology and symptoms associated with hymenolepiasis among children 3\u201316 years old in 16 rural communities of the highlands of the Cusco region in Peru. Information on demographics, socioeconomic status, symptoms as reported by parents, and parasitological testing was obtained from the database of an ongoing <jats:italic>Fasciola hepatica<\/jats:italic> epidemiologic study. A total of 1,230 children were included in the study. Forty-five percent were infected with at least one pathogenic intestinal parasite. <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic> spp. (22.9%) was the most common, followed by <jats:italic>Hymenolepis<\/jats:italic> (17.4%), <jats:italic>Fasciola<\/jats:italic> (14.1%), <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> (6.1%), and <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic> (2%). The prevalence of <jats:italic>Hymenolepis<\/jats:italic> infection varied by community, by other parasitic infections, and by socioeconomic status. However, only years of education of the mother, use of well water, and age less than 10 years were associated with <jats:italic>Hymenolepis<\/jats:italic> infection in the multivariate analysis. <jats:italic>Hymenolepis nana<\/jats:italic> infection was associated with diarrhea, jaundice, headaches, fever, and fatigue. Children with &gt; 500 eggs\/g of stool were more likely to have symptoms of weight loss, jaundice, diarrhea, and fever. <jats:italic>Hymenolepis nana<\/jats:italic> infection and age were the only factors retained in the multivariate analysis modeling diarrhea. Hymenolepiasis is a common gastrointestinal helminth in the Cusco region and is associated with significant morbidity in children in rural communities. The impact caused by the emergence of <jats:italic>Hymenolepis<\/jats:italic> as a prevalent intestinal parasite deserves closer scrutiny.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,27]],"date-time":"2016-09-27T03:48:47Z","timestamp":1474948127000},"page":"1031-1036","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Hymenolepis nana Impact Among Children in the Highlands of Cusco, Peru: An Emerging Neglected Parasite Infection"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Miguel M.","family":"Cabada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas."},{"name":"Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia\u2013University of Texas Medical Branch Collaborative Research Center\u2014Cusco, Cusco, Peru."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia\u2013University of Texas Medical Branch Collaborative Research Center\u2014Cusco, Cusco, Peru."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia\u2013University of Texas Medical Branch Collaborative Research Center\u2014Cusco, Cusco, Peru."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spencer T.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Vilchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres G.","family":"Lescano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Gotuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector Hugo","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clinton A.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"Hunter's Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases","article-title":"Tapeworm infections","author":"Mega","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Hymenolepiasis. 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