{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T06:41:29Z","timestamp":1792651289637,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lymphatic filariasis afflicts 68 million people in 73 countries, including 17 million persons living with chronic lymphedema. The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis aims to stop new infections and to provide care for persons already affected, but morbidity management programs have been initiated in only 24 endemic countries. We examine the economic costs and benefits of alleviating chronic lymphedema and its effects through a simple limb-care program. For Khurda District, Odisha State, India, we estimated lifetime medical costs and earnings losses due to chronic lymphedema and acute dermatolymphangioadenitis (ADLA) with and without a community-based limb-care program. The program would reduce economic costs of lymphedema and ADLA over 60 years by 55%. Savings of US$1,648 for each affected person in the workforce are equivalent to 1,258 days of labor. Per-person savings are more than 130 times the per-person cost of the program. Chronic lymphedema and ADLA impose a substantial physical and economic burden on the population in filariasis-endemic areas. Low-cost programs for lymphedema management based on limb washing and topical medication for infection are effective in reducing the number of ADLA episodes and stopping progression of disabling and disfiguring lymphedema. With reduced disability, people are able to work longer hours, more days per year, and in more strenuous, higher-paying jobs, resulting in an important economic benefit to themselves, their families, and their communities. Mitigating the severity of lymphedema and ADLA also reduces out-of-pocket medical expense.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T02:43:08Z","timestamp":1472524988000},"page":"877-884","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Economic Costs and Benefits of a Community-Based Lymphedema Management Program for Lymphatic Filariasis in Odisha State, India"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Eileen","family":"Stillwaggon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Economics, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry","family":"Sawers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Economics, American University, Washington, District of Columbia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Church's Auxiliary for Social Action (CASA), Bhubaneswar, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Addiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Children Without Worms, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LeAnne","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e3319","article-title":"Progress and impact of 13 years of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis on reducing the burden of filarial 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