{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T14:36:40Z","timestamp":1785163000637,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic disease in the southeast region of Brazil, which includes the state of Esp\u00edrito Santo (ES). This historic case series analyses 546 patients treated in this state from 1978 to 2012. Patients aged from 7 to 83 years, 509 males and 37 females, yielding a ratio of 13.7:1. Most of the patients (81.4%) originated from rural areas in ES, 71.0% being farmers. A higher concentration of cases was observed in municipalities located along the western range of the state. Sixty patients (11.0%) had an acute\/subacute form of the disease, 485 (88.9%) had a chronic form, and one had a subclinical form. The most affected organs included the lungs, oropharyngeal mucosa, lymph nodes, skin, and larynx. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology in 252 (46.2%) cases, direct examination in 168 (30.7%), both exams in 111 (20.3%) and serology in 15 (2.8%). Tuberculosis, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, leishmaniasis, and intestinal parasites were the most frequently associated infectious diseases. From 328 patients followed up, total regression of the lesions was observed in 17.4%, partial regression in 77.4%, and no regression in 17 (5.2%) cases. Regarding the number of cases in this series, ES emerges as an important endemic area for PCM in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,25]],"date-time":"2017-07-25T07:00:39Z","timestamp":1500966039000},"page":"836-844","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Paracoccidioidomycosis: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects in 546 Cases Studied in the State of Esp\u00edrito Santo, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Paulo Mendes","family":"Pe\u00e7anha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayara Elisa","family":"Batista Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Massaroni Pe\u00e7anha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edilaine Brand\u00e3o","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariceli","family":"Lamas de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael Lubiana","family":"Zanotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe Fonseca","family":"Potratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nilo Eduardo","family":"Delboni Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Urbano","family":"Gon\u00e7alves Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9lio","family":"Delmaestro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alo\u00edsio","family":"Falqueto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Dermatology Units of the Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Cassiano Ant\u00f4nio Moraes, Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo, Vit\u00f3ria, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"546","article-title":"Paracoccidioidomycosis epidemiological features of a 1,000 cases series from a hyperendemic area on the southeast of Brazil","volume":"85","author":"Bellissimo-Rodrigues","year":"2011"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo","first-page":"11","article-title":"Epidemiology of paracoccidioidomycosis","volume":"57","author":"Martinez","year":"2015"},{"key":"b3","author":"Wanke","year":"1994"},{"key":"b4","author":"Restrepo","year":"2010"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"An Bras Dermatol","first-page":"251","article-title":"Tratamento da paracoccidioidomicose, estudo retrospectivo de 500 casos I. 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