{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:25:14Z","timestamp":1761060314698},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chagas disease (CD), with associated conduction abnormalities, is a common indication for pacemaker implantation in Latin America. The prevalence of CD in Latin American immigrants with pacemakers residing in the United States has never been studied. This single-center cross-sectional study included pacemaker patients who were aged 18 years or more with a previous residence in Latin America for at least 6 months. Patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy, or iatrogenic and\/or congenital heart block were excluded. Serological testing for <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic> was performed at enrollment. A total of 80 patients were enrolled, and CD was diagnosed in six patients (7.5%). Patients with CD were more likely to be from El Salvador (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Other clinical, therapeutic, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic variables were similar between the CD and non-CD groups. There is a high prevalence of CD among Latin American immigrants with pacemakers in Los Angeles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]],"date-time":"2017-03-14T17:17:50Z","timestamp":1489511870000},"page":"1139-1142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Prevalence of Chagas Disease Among Latin American Immigrants with Pacemakers in Los Angeles, California"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Sandy","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud I.","family":"Traina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason S.","family":"Bradfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvador","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alvaro Joaquin Altamirano","family":"Ufion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jalal","family":"Dufani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Bergin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin Y.","family":"Wachsner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheba K.","family":"Meymandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, Sylmar, California."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"ref1","series-title":"JAMA","first-page":"2171","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of Chagas disease in the United States: a systematic review","volume":"298","author":"Bern","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref2","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1388","article-title":"Chagas disease","volume":"375","author":"Rassi","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref3","series-title":"Ciba Found Symp","first-page":"214","article-title":"Mechanisms of myocardial damage in Trypanosoma cruzi infection","volume":"99","author":"Andrade","year":"1983"},{"key":"ref4","series-title":"Circulation","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Pathogenesis of chronic Chagas heart disease","volume":"115","author":"Marin-Neto","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref5","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop","first-page":"245","article-title":"Clinical profile of Chagas and non-Chagas' disease patients with cardiac pacemaker [in Portugese]","volume":"39","author":"Rincon","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref6","series-title":"Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc","first-page":"107","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with Chagas' disease submitted to permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation [in Portugese]","volume":"19","author":"Costa","year":"2004"},{"year":"2016","series-title":"First WHO Report on Neglected Tropical Diseases: Working to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases","author":"World Health Organization","key":"ref7"},{"key":"ref8","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"e52","article-title":"An estimate of the burden of Chagas disease in the United States","volume":"49","author":"Bern","year":"2009"},{"author":"United States Census Bureau","key":"ref9"},{"year":"2007","series-title":"Blood Donor Screening for Chagas Disease\u2014United States, 2006\u20132007","author":"Stramer","key":"ref10"},{"year":"2010","series-title":"The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic Findings: Standards and Procedures for Measurement and Classification","author":"Prineas","key":"ref11"},{"key":"ref12","series-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"28","author":"Lang","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref13","series-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol","first-page":"1494","article-title":"Permanent pacing in patients with Chagas' disease","volume":"35","author":"Arce","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref14","series-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol","first-page":"1178","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in Brazilian pacemaker patients","volume":"31","author":"Oliveira","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref15","series-title":"Parasitol Res","first-page":"1407","article-title":"Reinfections and Trypanosoma cruzi strains can determine the prognosis of the chronic Chagasic cardiopathy in mice","volume":"100","author":"Bustamante","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref16","series-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz","first-page":"603","article-title":"The impact of Chagas disease control in Latin America: a review","volume":"97","author":"Dias","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref17","series-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol","first-page":"249","article-title":"Evaluation of cardiac function by radioisotopic angiography, in patients with chronic Chagas cardiopathy [in Spanish]","volume":"45","author":"Kuschnir","year":"1985"},{"key":"ref18","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"724","article-title":"Long-term cardiac outcomes of treating chronic Chagas disease with benznidazole versus no treatment","volume":"144","author":"Viotti","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref19","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1295","article-title":"Randomized trial of benznidazole for chronic Chagas' cardiomyopathy","volume":"373","author":"Morillo","year":"2015"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and 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