{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T22:58:39Z","timestamp":1777417119041,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To contribute to a better understanding of the molecular bases of the circadian biological rhythms in Chagas disease vectors, in this work we identified functional domains in the sequences of the clock protein PERIOD (PER) in <jats:italic>Rhodnius prolixus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Triatoma infestans<\/jats:italic> and analyzed the expression of the PER gene at mRNA level in <jats:italic>T. infestans<\/jats:italic>. The PER protein sequences comparison among these species and those from other insects revealed that the most similar regions are the PAS domains and the most variable is the COOH-terminal. On the other hand, the <jats:italic>per<\/jats:italic> gene expression in nervous tissue of adult <jats:italic>T. infestans<\/jats:italic> varies with a daily canonical rhythm in groups of individuals maintained under photoperiod (light\/dark, LD) and constant dark (DD), showing a significant peak of expression at sunset. The pattern of expression detected in LD persists under the DD condition. As expected, in the group maintained in constant light (LL), no daily increase was detected in <jats:italic>per<\/jats:italic> transcript level. Besides, the presence of <jats:italic>per<\/jats:italic> transcript in different tissues of adult individuals and in nervous tissue of nymphs evidenced activity of peripheral clocks in adults and activity of the central clock in nymphs of <jats:italic>T. infestans<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]],"date-time":"2017-12-19T07:01:08Z","timestamp":1513666868000},"page":"468-474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clock Gene Period in the Chagas Disease Vector Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda M.","family":"Stroppa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), CONICET and C\u00e1tedra de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Gimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), CONICET and C\u00e1tedra de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz A.","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), CONICET and C\u00e1tedra de Bioqu\u00edmica y Biolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"b2","first-page":"925","author":"Carcavallo","year":"1999"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3219","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003219","article-title":"Chagas disease and the London declaration on neglected tropical diseases","volume":"8","author":"Tarleton","year":"2014"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Acta Trop","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.05.014","article-title":"Insecticide resistance in vector Chagas disease: evolution, mechanisms and management","volume":"149","author":"Mougabure-Cueto","year":"2015"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"J Cell Sci","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3369","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.115.17.3369","article-title":"Central and peripheral circadian oscillator mechanisms in flies and mammals","volume":"115","author":"Glossop","year":"2002"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"PLoS Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e54","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0030054","article-title":"Integration of light and temperature in the regulation of circadian gene expression in Drosophila","volume":"3","author":"Boothroyd","year":"2007"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Cell Metab","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.09.006","article-title":"Regulation of feeding and metabolism by neuronal and peripheral clocks in Drosophila","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2008"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1076008","article-title":"Resetting the circadian clock by social experience in Drosophila melanogaster","volume":"298","author":"Levine","year":"2002"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Adv Genet","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-387690-4.00005-2","article-title":"Molecular genetic analysis of circadian timekeeping in Drosophila","volume":"74","author":"Hardin","year":"2011"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"J Insect Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(89)90003-6","article-title":"Egg laying in the insect Rhodnius prolixus is timed in a circadian fashion","volume":"35","author":"Ampleford Davey","year":"1989"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Biol Rhythm Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/09291010412331313250","article-title":"Daily rhythms in disease-vector insects","volume":"35","author":"Barrozo","year":"2004"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"J Med Entomol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/28.5.740","article-title":"Circadian rhythm of egg hatching in Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)","volume":"28","author":"Lazzari","year":"1991"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"J Insect Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(92)90101-I","article-title":"Circadian organization of locomotion activity in the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans","volume":"38","author":"Lazzari","year":"1992"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"J Insect Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1910(03)00151-3","article-title":"Chronobiological basis of thermopreference in the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans","volume":"49","author":"Minoli","year":"2003"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"J Insect Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1910(94)90071-X","article-title":"Aggregation in the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans: chemical signals and temporal pattern","volume":"40","author":"Lorenzo Figueiras","year":"1994"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762007005000033","article-title":"Daily rhythm of aggregation in the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans (Heteroptera: Reduviidae)","volume":"102","author":"Minoli","year":"2007"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Acta Trop","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(98)00025-4","article-title":"Activity pattern in relation to refuge exploitation and feeding in Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)","volume":"70","author":"Lorenzo","year":"1998"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2006.02.018","article-title":"Circadian orchestration of developmental hormones in the insect, Rhodnius prolixus","volume":"144","author":"Steel","year":"2006"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol","first-page":"601","article-title":"The circadian clock in the brain: a structural and functional comparison between mammals and insects","volume":"190","author":"Helfrich-F\u00f6rster","year":"2004"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"J Comp Neurol","first-page":"1264","article-title":"The circadian timing system in the brain of the fifth larval instar of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera)","volume":"518","author":"Vafopoulou","year":"2010"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Front Physiol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Synergistic induction of the clock protein PERIOD by insulin-like peptide and prothoracicotropic hormone in Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera): implications for convergence of hormone signaling pathways","volume":"5","author":"Vafopoulou","year":"2014"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.79.28","article-title":"Differential tissue and flight developmental expression of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isozymes in the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans","volume":"79","author":"Stroppa","year":"2008"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.12-0464","article-title":"Differential expression of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoforms in flight muscles in the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera, Reduviidae)","volume":"88","author":"Stroppa","year":"2013"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.13-0556","article-title":"Daily variations in the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isoforms expression in Triatoma infestans flight muscles","volume":"91","author":"Stroppa","year":"2014"},{"key":"b25","series-title":"Nucleic Acids Res","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389","article-title":"Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs","volume":"25","author":"Altschul","year":"1997"},{"key":"b26","series-title":"Mol Biol Evol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","article-title":"MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0","volume":"30","author":"Tamura","year":"2013"},{"key":"b27","series-title":"EMBO J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3929","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03279.x","article-title":"Interspecific comparison of the period gene of Drosophila reveals large blocks of non-conserved coding DNA","volume":"7","author":"Colot","year":"1988"},{"key":"b28","series-title":"Nature","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/355511a0","article-title":"Genetics and speciation","volume":"355","author":"Coyne","year":"1992"},{"key":"b29","series-title":"Neuron","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80222-6","article-title":"Regulation of nuclear entry of the Drosophila clock proteins period and timeless","volume":"17","author":"Saez","year":"1996"},{"key":"b30","series-title":"Gene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2008.05.002","article-title":"Molecular characterization of the circadian clock genes in the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris, and their expression patterns under long-and short-day conditions","volume":"419","author":"Ikeno","year":"2008"},{"key":"b31","series-title":"Neuron","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80417-1","article-title":"Two period homologs: circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei","volume":"19","author":"Shearman","year":"1997"},{"key":"b32","series-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.40.1.519","article-title":"The PAS superfamily: sensors of environmental and developmental signals","volume":"40","author":"Gu","year":"2000"},{"key":"b33","series-title":"Nat Protoc","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.79","article-title":"Analysis of locomotor activity rhythms in Drosophila","volume":"1","author":"Rosato","year":"2006"},{"key":"b34","series-title":"Infect Genet Evol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.07.027","article-title":"Identification of three cytochrome P450 genes in the Chagas\u2019 disease vector Triatoma infestans: expression analysis in deltamethrin susceptible and resistant populations","volume":"44","author":"Grosso","year":"2016"},{"key":"b35","series-title":"J Insect Physiol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2010.03.028","article-title":"Circadian control of permethrin-resistance in the mosquito Aedes aegypti","volume":"56","author":"Yang","year":"2010"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/98\/2\/article-p468.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/98\/2\/article-p468.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/98\/2\/article-p468.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T23:04:04Z","timestamp":1722467044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/98\/2\/article-p468.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0147","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,7]]}}}