{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T17:10:51Z","timestamp":1722445851949},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Little is known about the epidemiology of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Nepal. We aimed to elucidate the molecular and clinical epidemiology of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A in Nepal. Isolates were collected from 23 cases of bacteremia due to <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A between December 2014 and October 2015. Thirteen patients (57%) were male, and the median age was 21 years. None of the patients had an underlying chronic disease. All <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol. All isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and were categorized as intermediately susceptible to levofloxacin. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close relatedness among the isolates, including several clonal groups, suggesting local spread. Patients with bacteremia due to <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Paratyphi A in Kathmandu, Nepal, were relatively young and nondebilitated. Improving control of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. Paratyphi infections should focus on effective infection control measures and selection of empirical therapy based on current resistance patterns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]],"date-time":"2017-10-10T07:00:33Z","timestamp":1507618833000},"page":"1706-1709","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Salmonella Paratyphi A Isolated from Patients with Bacteremia in Nepal"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Jatan Bahadur","family":"Sherchan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masatomo","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Matono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidemasa","family":"Izumiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Ohnishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeevan B.","family":"Sherchand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarmila","family":"Tandukar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ujjwal","family":"Laghu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Nagamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Ohmagari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kayoko","family":"Hayakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"346","article-title":"The global burden of typhoid fever","volume":"82","author":"Crump","year":"2004"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"1467","article-title":"Enteric (typhoid) fever in travelers","volume":"41","author":"Basnyat","year":"2005"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"J Infect Dev 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