{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T03:08:42Z","timestamp":1774926522207,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study describes the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of leishmaniasis and the pharmacological treatment of this disease in the municipality of Pueblo Rico, Risaralda, between January 2010 and December 2014. An observational study was conducted using information from the clinical records and epidemiological reports of patients diagnosed and confirmed with leishmaniasis of any age and sex, including sociodemographic, clinical, and pharmacological variables of the therapy received. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. A total of 539 cases of leishmaniasis were confirmed, with 29.5% occurring in children under 5 years of age. The median age was 10 years, with predominance in males (55.5%). The indigenous Ember\u00e1 (aboriginal Americans) were the most affected (50.8%), and 93.3% of cases occurred in people living in scattered rural areas. All lesions corresponded to cutaneous leishmaniasis, of which 251 patients had compromise of the upper limbs (46.6%), 221 of the face (41.0%), and 139 of the lower limbs (25.8%). Pentavalent antimony salts (n-methyl glucamine and sodium stibogluconate) were prescribed in 77.6% (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 418) of the cases; miltefosine was the second most frequently prescribed medication (21.5%, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 116). The inhabitants of rural areas and the indigenous communities are at a higher risk of acquiring the infection, particularly among infants, which highlights the importance of the biological, social, and demographic factors involved in the disease. There is a need to seek effective public health actions and further research this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,15]],"date-time":"2017-08-15T07:00:35Z","timestamp":1502780435000},"page":"1503-1507","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Epidemiology of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Colombian Municipality"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Diego Alejandro","family":"Medina-Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacoepidemiolog\u00eda y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel E.","family":"Machado-Duque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacoepidemiolog\u00eda y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge Enrique","family":"Machado-Alba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Farmacoepidemiolog\u00eda y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","author":"Ministerio de Salud","year":"2010"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Postgrad Med J","first-page":"649","article-title":"Leishmaniasis","volume":"83","author":"Piscopo","year":"2007"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1773","article-title":"Leishmania\u2014a parasitized parasite","volume":"364","author":"Scott","year":"2011"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"581","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"7","author":"Reithinger","year":"2007"},{"key":"b5","author":"Ministerio de Salud","year":"2015"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Hum Vaccin","first-page":"1204","article-title":"Leishmaniasis","volume":"7","author":"Kedzierski","year":"2011"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Infect Public Health","first-page":"172","article-title":"Severe and benign Plasmodium vivax malaria in Embera (Amerindian) children and adolescents from an endemic municipality in western Colombia","volume":"9","author":"Medina-Morales","year":"2016"},{"key":"b8","author":"Instituto Nacional de Salud","year":"2013"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"359","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiologic profile of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombian children: considerations for local treatment","volume":"89","author":"Blanco","year":"2013"},{"key":"b10","author":"Secretar\u00eda Departamental de Salud de Risaralda","year":"2016"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"J Vector Borne Dis","first-page":"30","article-title":"Assessing epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Isfahan, Iran","volume":"50","author":"Karami","year":"2013"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e35671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"Cad Saude Publica","first-page":"925","article-title":"The epidemiology and control of leishmaniasis in Andean countries","volume":"16","author":"Davies","year":"2000"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"206","article-title":"Distribution and etiology of leishmaniasis in Colombia","volume":"42","author":"Corredor","year":"1990"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Biomedica","first-page":"50","article-title":"Valoraci\u00f3n de la ecoepidemiolog\u0131a de la leishmaniasis en Colombia a partir de la distribuci\u00f3n espacial y ecol\u00f3gica de los insectos vectores [Assessment of the eco-epidemiology of leishmaniasis in Colombia via the spatial and ecological distributions of vector insects]","volume":"31","author":"Ferro","year":"2011"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"BioMed Res Int","first-page":"805108","article-title":"Mucosal leishmaniasis: an underestimated presentation of a neglected disease","volume":"2013","author":"Strazzulla","year":"2013"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"276","article-title":"Etiologic agent of an epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tolima, Colombia","volume":"78","author":"Rodriguez-Barraquer","year":"2008"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"273","article-title":"Impact of climate variability in the occurrence of leishmaniasis in northeastern Colombia","volume":"75","author":"Cardenas","year":"2006"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica","first-page":"165","article-title":"Climate change, rainfall, society and disasters in Latin America: relations and needs","volume":"28","author":"Rodriguez-Morales","year":"2011"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"J Infect Public Health","first-page":"291","article-title":"Potential impact of climatic variability on the epidemiology of dengue in Risaralda, Colombia, 2010\u20132011","volume":"8","author":"Quintero-Herrera","year":"2015"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother","first-page":"237","article-title":"An update on pharmacotherapy for leishmaniasis","volume":"16","author":"Sundar","year":"2015"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"602","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of antimony in children treated for leishmaniasis with meglumine antimoniate","volume":"195","author":"Cruz","year":"2007"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov","first-page":"216","article-title":"Study of the scientific production on leishmaniasis in Latin America","volume":"9","author":"Perilla-Gonzalez","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/97\/5\/article-p1503.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/97\/5\/article-p1503.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/97\/5\/article-p1503.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T22:50:34Z","timestamp":1722466234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/97\/5\/article-p1503.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,8]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0233","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,8]]}}}