{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:37:51Z","timestamp":1779903471289,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute Q fever cases were identified from a hospital-based acute febrile illness study conducted in six community hospitals in rural north and northeast Thailand from 2002 to 2005. Of 1,784 participants that underwent <jats:italic>Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic> testing, nine (0.5%) participants were identified in this case-series as acute Q fever cases. Eight case-patients were located in one province. Four case-patients were hospitalized. Median age was 13 years (range: 7\u201369); five were male. The proportion of children with acute Q fever infection was similar to adults (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.17). This previously unrecognized at-risk group, school-age children, indicates that future studies and prevention interventions should target this population. The heterogeneity of disease burden across Thailand and milder clinical presentations found in this case-series should be considered in future studies. As diagnosis based on serology is limited during the acute phase of the disease, other diagnostic options, such as polymerase chain reaction, should be explored to improve acute case detection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,17]],"date-time":"2017-11-17T10:16:44Z","timestamp":1510913804000},"page":"252-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Acute Q Fever Case Detection among Acute Febrile Illness Patients, Thailand, 2002\u20132005"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Greiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saithip","family":"Bhengsri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nonthaburi, Thailand;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Million","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Edouard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somsak","family":"Thamthitiwat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nonthaburi, Thailand;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilbert J.","family":"Kersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nonthaburi, Thailand;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Raoult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Parola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix Marseille Universit\u00e9, AP-HM, URMITE, IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, Marseille, France;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"679","article-title":"Q fever","volume":"367","author":"Parker","year":"2006"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Transfus Med Hemother","first-page":"60","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii\u2014pathogenic agent of Q (Query) fever","volume":"41","author":"G\u00fcrtler","year":"2014"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"MMWR","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of Q fever\u2013United States, 2013","volume":"3","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2013"},{"key":"b4","author":"Plummer","year":"2015"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"518","article-title":"Q Fever","volume":"12","author":"Maurin","year":"1999"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Neth J Med","first-page":"382","article-title":"Q fever in the Netherlands from 2007 to 2010","volume":"68","author":"Delsing","year":"2010"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Infect","first-page":"102","article-title":"Chronic Q fever: expert opinion versus literature analysis and consensus","volume":"65","author":"Raoult","year":"2012"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Epidemiol Infect","first-page":"1163","article-title":"Moving from Q fever to C. burnetii infection","volume":"144","author":"Eldin","year":"2016"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"1322","article-title":"Correlation between serum doxycycline concentrations and 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endocarditis in Thailand","volume":"4","author":"Pachirat","year":"2012"},{"key":"b15","series-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol","first-page":"189","article-title":"Q fever serology: cutoff determination for microimmunofluorescence","volume":"1","author":"Dupont","year":"1994"},{"key":"b16","author":"Mediterranee Infection","year":"2016"},{"key":"b17","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"350","article-title":"Q fever in France, 1985\u20132009","volume":"17","author":"Frankel","year":"2011"},{"key":"b18","series-title":"Lancet Infect Dis","first-page":"686","article-title":"Q fever in children","volume":"2","author":"Maltezou","year":"2002"},{"key":"b19","series-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J","first-page":"1283","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii infection is lower in children than in adults after community exposure: overlooked cause of infrequent Q fever reporting in the young","volume":"34","author":"Hackert","year":"2015"},{"key":"b20","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"344","article-title":"Q fever in young children, Ghana","volume":"14","author":"Kobbe","year":"2008"},{"key":"b21","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"850","article-title":"Short communication: prevalence of antibodies against Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) in children in The Gambia, West Africa","volume":"18","author":"van der Hoek","year":"2013"},{"key":"b22","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1823","article-title":"Diagnosis of Q fever","volume":"36","author":"Fournier","year":"1998"},{"key":"b23","series-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis","first-page":"285","article-title":"Underrecognized arthropod-borne and zoonotic pathogens in northern and northwestern Thailand: serological evidence and opportunities for awareness","volume":"15","author":"Blacksell","year":"2015"},{"key":"b24","series-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol","first-page":"363","article-title":"Causes of acute, undifferentiated, febrile illness in rural Thailand: results of a 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