{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T17:32:15Z","timestamp":1787592735490,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Achalasia is a motility disorder of the esophagus that might be secondary to a chronic <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic> infection. Several studies have investigated esophageal achalasia in patients with Chagas disease (CD) in Latin America, but no related studies have been performed in Colombia. The goals of the present study were to determine the presence of anti-<jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic> antibodies in patients with esophageal achalasia who visited a referral hospital in Bogot\u00e1, Colombia, and to detect the presence of the parasite and its discrete typing units (DTUs). This cross-sectional study was conducted in adult patients (18\u201365 years old) who were previously diagnosed with esophageal achalasia and from whom blood was drawn to assess antibodies against <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic> using four different serological tests. <jats:italic>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic> DNA was detected by conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In total, 38 patients, with an average age of 46.6 years (standard deviation of \u00b116.2) and comprising 16 men and 22 women, were enrolled. Five (13.15%) patients were found to be positive for anti-<jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic> antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and two patients who were negative according to IFA were reactive by both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot (5.3%). Parasite DNA was detected in two of these seven patients by cPCR and in one of these by qPCR. The parasite DTU obtained was TcI. In summary, this study identified <jats:italic>T. cruzi<\/jats:italic> in Colombian patients with esophageal achalasia, indicating that digestive compromise could also be present in patients with chronic CD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T07:00:36Z","timestamp":1517900436000},"page":"717-723","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Trypanosoma cruzi Detection in Colombian Patients with a Diagnosis of Esophageal Achalasia"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Santiago","family":"Panesso-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas M\u00e9dicas, School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Pavia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research Unit, Hospital Militar Central, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n Enrique","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Mantilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas M\u00e9dicas, School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Lasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Parasitolog\u00eda Molecular, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis A.","family":"Orozco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrocenter, Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Sistemas Cl\u00ednicos, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Cuellar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Inmunobiolog\u00eda y Biolog\u00eda Celular, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concepci\u00f3n J.","family":"Puerta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Parasitolog\u00eda Molecular, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Mendoza de Molano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Section, Hospital Universitario Fundaci\u00f3n Santa Fe de Bogot\u00e1, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas M\u00e9dicas, School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Soc Sci Med","first-page":"187","article-title":"How universal is coverage and access to diagnosis and treatment for Chagas disease in Colombia? 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