{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T17:56:06Z","timestamp":1772214966770,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Negative results in serological routine screening of patients with microbiologically proven Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) are occasionally reported. Failure in detecting anti-<jats:italic>Paracoccidioides<\/jats:italic> antibodies has been ascribed to factors either related to serological techniques or to the status of the host immune reactivity. Recently, this issue has been renewed by the recognition that the <jats:italic>Paracoccidioides<\/jats:italic> genera comprises two species, <jats:italic>lutzii<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>brasiliensis<\/jats:italic>, which have distinct antigenic profiles and, therefore, may elicit different host antibody responses. We describe a patient with the acute form PCM due to <jats:italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> with negative results on two reference centers\u2019 routine screening for <jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> antibodies, but positive results with <jats:italic>Paracoccidioides lutzii<\/jats:italic> antigens. The present case report suggests that antibodies elicited during <jats:italic>P. brasiliensis<\/jats:italic> infection recognize antigenic fractions shared by both species, highlighting the difficulties in distinguishing the two infections by means of the currently available routine serological assays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T07:00:33Z","timestamp":1517900433000},"page":"1082-1085","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Case Report: Misleading Serological Diagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis in a Young Patient with the Acute Form Disease: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis or Paracoccidioides lutzii?"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Renata","family":"Buccheri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emilio Ribas Institute of Infectious Diseases, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Medical Mycology Unit #53, Medical School and Tropical Medicine Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanessa dos Santos","family":"Morais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Medical Mycology Unit #53, Medical School and Tropical Medicine Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camila Mika","family":"Kamikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Center, Institute Adolfo Lutz, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica Scarpelli Martinelli","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Medical Mycology Unit #53, Medical School and Tropical Medicine Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Naves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Medical Mycology Unit #53, Medical School and Tropical Medicine Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilda Maria Barbaro","family":"Del Negro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Medical Mycology Unit #53, Medical School and Tropical Medicine Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana Pardini","family":"Vicentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Center, Institute Adolfo Lutz, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gil","family":"Benard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Medical Mycology Unit #53, Medical School and Tropical Medicine Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil;"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Dermatology and Immunodeficiencies Unit #56, Medical School and Tropical Medicine Institute, University of S\u00e3o Paulo Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e3174","article-title":"Serological diagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis: high rate of inter-laboratorial variability among medical mycology reference centers","volume":"8","author":"Vidal","year":"2014"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"J Med Vet Mycol","first-page":"113","article-title":"Lack of reactivity of 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