{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:32:49Z","timestamp":1787031169144,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Schistosomiasis control programs are designed to reduce morbidity by providing mass drug administration (MDA) of praziquantel to at-risk populations. We compared morbidity markers between two cohorts of Kenyan schoolchildren that initially had high prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections. One cohort (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 416 at year 1) received four rounds of annual MDA in a community-wide treatment (CWT) strategy. The other cohort (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 386 at year 1) received school-based treatment (SBT) every other year over the 4-year period. We measured infection with\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) as well as subtle morbidity markers at year 1, year 3, and year 5 and compared cohorts with mixed models after controlling for age and gender. At year 5, neither overall\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    prevalence nor the prevalence of high infection\u2013intensity\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection was significantly reduced compared with baseline in either the CWT cohort (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 277 remaining) or the SBT cohort (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 235 remaining). Nevertheless, by year 5, children in both cohorts demonstrated significant decreases in wasting, ultrasound-detected organomegaly, and STH infection along with significantly improved pediatric quality-of-life scores compared with year 1. Stunting did not change over time, but children who were\n                    <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    egg\u2013positive at year 5 had significantly more stunting than children without schistosomiasis. The only significant difference between arms at year 5 was a lower prevalence of STH infections in the CWT group.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,12]],"date-time":"2018-06-12T03:00:26Z","timestamp":1528772426000},"page":"362-369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Schistosoma mansoni Mass Drug Administration Regimens and Their Effect on Morbidity among Schoolchildren over a 5-Year Period\u2014Kenya, 2010\u20132015"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Anita D.","family":"Sircar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pauline N. M.","family":"Mwinzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac O.","family":"Onkanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan E.","family":"Wiegand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan P.","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Evan","family":"Secor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"2253","article-title":"Human schistosomiasis","volume":"383","author":"Colley","year":"2014"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Lancet","first-page":"1561","article-title":"Reassessment of the cost of chronic helmintic infection: a meta-analysis of disability-related outcomes in endemic schistosomiasis","volume":"365","author":"King","year":"2005"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"433","article-title":"Impact of polyparasitic infections on anemia and undernutrition among Kenyan children living in a Schistosoma haematobium-endemic area","volume":"88","author":"Bustinduy","year":"2013"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Am J Trop Med 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