{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T04:20:00Z","timestamp":1783052400493,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This report summarizes the status of the global Dracunculiasis Eradication Program as of the end of 2017. Dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease) has been eliminated from 19 of 21 countries where it was endemic in 1986, when an estimated 3.5 million cases occurred worldwide. Only Chad and Ethiopia reported cases in humans, 15 each, in 2017. Infections of animals, mostly domestic dogs, with <jats:italic>Dracunculus medinensis<\/jats:italic> were reported in those two countries and also in Mali. Insecurity and infections in animals are the two main obstacles remaining to interrupting dracunculiasis transmission completely.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,5]],"date-time":"2018-06-05T07:00:46Z","timestamp":1528182046000},"page":"388-395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Dracunculiasis Eradication: Are We There Yet?"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Donald R.","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Ruiz-Tiben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark L.","family":"Eberhard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. Craig","family":"Withers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean G.","family":"Sienko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"5","article-title":"Dracunculiasis eradication: and now, south Sudan","volume":"89","author":"Hopkins","year":"2013"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"533","article-title":"Strategies for eradication of dracunculiasis","volume":"69","author":"Hopkins","year":"1991"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"61","article-title":"The peculiar epidemiology of dracunculiasis in Chad","volume":"90","author":"Eberhard","year":"2014"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"119","article-title":"Dracunculiasis in Africa: its geographic extent, incidence and at-risk population","volume":"37","author":"Watts","year":"1987"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"234","article-title":"Dracunculiasis eradication: Geneva declaration on Guinea-worm eradication, Geneva, 2004","volume":"79","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2004"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1590","article-title":"Possible role of fish as transport hosts for Dracunculus spp. larvae","volume":"23","author":"Cleveland","year":"2017"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"33","article-title":"Meeting of the international task force for disease eradication, October 2017","volume":"93","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1428","article-title":"Possible role of fish and frogs as paratenic hosts of Dracunculus medinensis, Chad","volume":"22","author":"Eberhard","year":"2016"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"1961","article-title":"Guinea worm (Dracunculus medinensis) infection in a wild-caught frog, Chad","volume":"22","author":"Eberhard","year":"2016"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"201","article-title":"Dracunculiasis eradication-global surveillance summary, 2013","volume":"89","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"384","article-title":"Meeting of the international task force for disease eradication, April 2015","volume":"90","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"350","article-title":"Case report: thirty-seven human cases of sparganosis from Ethiopia and south Sudan caused by Spirometra spp","volume":"93","author":"Eberhard","year":"2015"},{"key":"b13","series-title":"MMWR","first-page":"1327","article-title":"Progress toward global eradication of dracunculiasis, January 2016\u2013June 2017","volume":"66","author":"Hopkins","year":"2017"},{"key":"b14","series-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec","first-page":"269","article-title":"Dracunculiasis eradication: global surveillance summary, 2016","volume":"92","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"b15","author":"Litvinov","year":"1985"},{"key":"b16","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"223","article-title":"Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) and the eradication initiative","volume":"15","author":"Cairncross","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/99\/2\/article-p388.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/99\/2\/article-p388.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/99\/2\/article-p388.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T12:56:53Z","timestamp":1722430613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/99\/2\/article-p388.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0204","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]}}}