{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:57:52Z","timestamp":1761490672503},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Annual school-based mass drug administration with praziquantel has been widely implemented to control schistosomiasis, but other treatment strategies could have a different impact. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of six different treatment strategies on <jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic> infection in a cluster-randomized controlled trial in schoolchildren, in a high transmission area of the Mwanza Region, Tanzania. A total of 150 villages were randomized into six arms with 25 villages in each arm. In each village, approximately 100 schoolchildren aged 9\u201312 years were randomly selected each year and investigated for <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> prevalence and intensity based on three consecutive stool samples using the duplicate Kato\u2013Katz technique. Four years of community-wide treatment (CWT) was the most intensive treatment strategy, whereas 2 years of school-based treatment (SBT) combined with 2 years without treatment (holiday) was the least intensive treatment. The remaining strategies constituted different combinations of CWT, SBT, and holiday years. Baseline results on <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> infection were obtained from 14,620 schoolchildren from 148 villages, and mean prevalence and mean intensity among infected were 48.6\u201360.6% and 130.5\u2013229.8 eggs per gram, respectively. Over the years, mean prevalence and mean intensities declined in all arms, but when comparing year 5 mean prevalence and mean intensity, there were no statistically significant differences between treatment arms. Thus, measured in a random selection of schoolchildren aged 9\u201312 years, four times CWT was not superior to four times SBT, while 2 years of treatment holiday combined with 2 years of SBT had the same impact as 4 years of SBT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T07:01:10Z","timestamp":1540278070000},"page":"1573-1579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Comparison of the Impact of Different Mass Drug Administration Strategies on Infection with Schistosoma mansoni in Mwanza Region, Tanzania\u2014A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Annette","family":"Olsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Safari","family":"Kinung\u2019hi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Magnussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;"},{"name":"Centre for Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e412","article-title":"Neglected tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden","volume":"3","author":"Hotez","year":"2009"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Parasit Vectors","first-page":"274","article-title":"Epidemiology and control of human schistosomiasis in Tanzania","volume":"5","author":"Mazigo","year":"2012"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"1240","article-title":"Schistosoma mansoni infection along the coast of Lake Victoria in Mwanza region, Tanzania","volume":"92","author":"Olsen","year":"2015"},{"year":"2012","series-title":"The Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation","author":"SCORE","key":"b4"},{"year":"2012","author":"National Bureau of Statistics","key":"b5"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"229","article-title":"Gaining and sustaining schistosomiasis control: study protocol and baseline data prior to different treatment strategies in five African countries","volume":"16","author":"Ezeamama","year":"2016"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo","first-page":"397","article-title":"A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in Schistosomiasis mansoni","volume":"14","author":"Katz","year":"1972"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"Int J Health Geogr","first-page":"42","article-title":"An update atlas of human helminth infections: the example of east Africa","volume":"8","author":"Brooker","year":"2009"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e86510","article-title":"Malaria and helminth co-infections in school and preschool children: a cross-sectional study in Magu district, north-western Tanzania","volume":"9","author":"Kinung\u2019hi","year":"2014"},{"series-title":"Schistosomiasis: Progress Report 2001\u20132011 and Strategic Plan 2012\u20132020","author":"WHO","key":"b10"},{"key":"b11","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0006033","article-title":"Cluster randomized trial comparing school-based mass drug administration schedules in areas of western Kenya with moderate initial prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infections","volume":"11","author":"Karanja","year":"2017"},{"key":"b12","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0005812","article-title":"Why reinvent the wheel? 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