{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T12:46:27Z","timestamp":1750423587329},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the case of a 64-year-old woman found to have urban-acquired <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>T.b.<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>gambiense<\/jats:italic> human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) as the cause of sustained fever starting 9 months after returning to Canada from Democratic Republic of the Congo, in the context of concomitant multiple myeloma and HIV-1 coinfection. Approaches for the management of both clinical stages of <jats:italic>T.b. gambiense<\/jats:italic> HAT are well defined for endemic settings using current diagnostics and treatments. However, few data inform the diagnosis and management of patients with bone marrow suppression from active malignancy, recent anticancer therapy, or HIV coinfection. We discuss the implications of immunosuppression for diagnosis and management of <jats:italic>T.b. gambiense<\/jats:italic> HAT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T07:00:49Z","timestamp":1557212449000},"page":"123-125","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Case Report: Trypanosoma brucei Gambiense Human African Trypanosomiasis as the Cause of Fever in an Inpatient with Multiple Myeloma and HIV-1 Coinfection"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Carl","family":"Boodman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;"},{"name":"J.D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, Montreal, Canada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Libman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J.D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, Montreal, Canada;"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Microbiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Momar","family":"Ndao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J.D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, Montreal, Canada;"},{"name":"National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cedric P.","family":"Yansouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J.D. MacLean Centre for Tropical Diseases, Montreal, Canada;"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Microbiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"year":"2013","series-title":"Control and Surveillance of Human African Trypanosomiasis","author":"WHO","key":"b1"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev","first-page":"133","article-title":"Options for field diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"18","author":"Chappuis","year":"2005"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e471","article-title":"Improved models of mini anion exchange centrifugation technique (mAECT) and modified single centrifugation (MSC) for sleeping sickness diagnosis and staging","volume":"3","author":"B\u00fcscher","year":"2009"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0006890","article-title":"Monitoring the elimination of 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