{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T08:08:34Z","timestamp":1771661314188,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Schistosomiasis afflicts an estimated 10 million pregnant women in Africa annually. With mounting evidence of adverse impacts to reproductive health resulting from urogenital schistosomiasis, including increased transmission of HIV, further research on prenatal disease epidemiology is warranted, with implications for maternal and fetal health. Between October 2016 and March 2017, we conducted a cross-sectional study examining the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis and its association with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV among pregnant women visiting antenatal clinics in Kisantu health zone, Democratic Republic of Congo. An extensive sociodemographic and clinical survey was administered to consenting participants, with urine samples and vaginal swabs collected to deduce active schistosomiasis and STIs, respectively. In total, 17.4% of expectant mothers were infected with <jats:italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/jats:italic>, 3.1% with <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (CT), 1.4% with <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> (NG), and 14.6% with <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> (TV). Women infected with urogenital schistosomiasis were at significantly increased odds of harboring a CT, NG, or TV infection (adjusted odds ratio = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.5, 6.0), but reports of clinical symptoms were low, ranging from 17.2% of schistosomiasis to 30.8% of TV cases. Laboratory confirmation of schistosomiasis and STIs provided objective evidence of disease in a cohort with low symptomology where syndromic management may not suffice. Shedding light on local risk factors and associated coinfections of urogenital schistosomiasis can identify unique intervention opportunities for prenatal care in trematode-endemic regions and aid in reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T07:00:36Z","timestamp":1565074836000},"page":"828-836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Urogenital Schistosomiasis and Sexually Transmitted Coinfections among Pregnant Women in a Schistosome-Endemic Region of the Democratic Republic of Congo"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Adva","family":"Gadoth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gis\u00e8le","family":"Mvumbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole A.","family":"Hoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamy","family":"Musene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Mukadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Biomedical Research, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hayley R.","family":"Ashbaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reena H.","family":"Doshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjan","family":"Javanbakht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamina","family":"Gorbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emile","family":"Okitolonda-Wemakoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Klausner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne W.","family":"Rimoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Plos Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e412","article-title":"Neglected tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden","volume":"3","author":"Hotez","year":"2009"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Plos Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e1404","article-title":"Towards an open-access global database for mapping, control and surveillance of neglected tropical diseases","volume":"5","author":"H\u00fcrlimann","year":"2011"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Female Genital Schistosomiasis: A Pocket Atlas for Clinical Health-Care 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