{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:32:48Z","timestamp":1787031168949,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE) is based on imaging. Serology supports imaging in suspected cases, but no consensus exists on the algorithm to apply when imaging is inconclusive. We performed a retrospective analysis of serology results of patients with untreated hepatic CE and non-CE lesions, seen from 2005 to 2017, to evaluate their accuracy in the differential diagnosis of hepatic CE. Serology results of three seroassays for echinococcosis (ELISA RIDASCREEN, indirect hemagglutination (IHA) Cellognost, and Western blot LDBIO) and clinical characteristics of eligible patients were retrieved. Patients were grouped as having active or inactive CE and liquid or solid non-CE lesions. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were compared between scenarios encompassing different test combinations. Eligible patients included 104 patients with CE and 257 with non-CE lesions. Sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of Western blot (WB) were significantly higher than those of the following: 1) IHA or ELISA alone, 2) IHA+ELISA interpreted as positive if both or either tests positive, and 3) IHA+ELISA confirmed by WB if discordant. The best performances were obtained when WB was applied on discordant or concordant negative IHA+ELISA. Analyses performed within \u201cactive CE (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 52) versus liquid non-CE (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 245)\u201d and \u201cinactive CE (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 52) versus solid non-CE (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 12)\u201d groups showed similar results. Specificity was high for all tests (0.99\u20131.00) and did not differ between test combination scenarios. WB may be the best test to apply in a one-test approach. Two first-level tests confirmed by WB seem to provide the best diagnostic accuracy. Further studies should be performed in different settings, especially where lower test specificity is likely.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T03:01:22Z","timestamp":1572318082000},"page":"1345-1349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Diagnostic Performances of Commercial ELISA, Indirect Hemagglutination, and Western Blot in Differentiation of Hepatic Echinococcal and Non-Echinococcal Lesions: A Retrospective Analysis of Data from a Single Referral Centre"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Ambra","family":"Vola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Manciulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"De Silvestri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Lissandrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy;"},{"name":"Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mara","family":"Mariconti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy;"},{"name":"Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar","family":"Siles-Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiolog\u00eda de Salamanca, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Salamanca, Spain;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Brunetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy;"},{"name":"Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Tamarozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, WHO Collaborating Centre for the Epidemiology, Detection and Control of Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"b1","series-title":"Acta Trop","first-page":"1","article-title":"Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in humans","volume":"114","author":"Brunetti","year":"2010"},{"key":"b2","series-title":"Adv Parasitol","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.09.003","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of Echinococcus spp. in human patients and infected animals","volume":"96","author":"Siles-Lucas","year":"2017"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg","first-page":"166","article-title":"Factors influencing the serological response in hepatic Echinococcus granulosus infection","volume":"94","author":"Lissandrin","year":"2016"},{"key":"b4","series-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol","first-page":"147","article-title":"Usefulness of four different Echinococcus granulosus recombinant antigens for serodiagnosis of unilocular hydatid disease (UHD) and postsurgical follow-up of patients treated for UHD","volume":"15","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2008"},{"key":"b5","series-title":"Trop Med Int Health","first-page":"463","article-title":"Molecular tools for the diagnosis of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis","volume":"6","author":"Siles-Lucas","year":"2001"},{"key":"b6","series-title":"Biometrics","first-page":"837","article-title":"Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach","volume":"44","author":"DeLong","year":"1988"},{"key":"b7","series-title":"J Clin Epidemiol","first-page":"401","article-title":"In a diagnostic test study the validity of three serodiagnostic test was compared in patients with liver echinococcosis","volume":"58","author":"Manterola","year":"2005"},{"key":"b8","series-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis","first-page":"e0004444","article-title":"Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of three rapid tests for the serodiagnosis of hepatic cystic echinococcosis in humans","volume":"10","author":"Tamarozzi","year":"2016"},{"key":"b9","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"3718","article-title":"Immunodiagnosis of Echinococcus infections: confirmatory testing and species differentiation by a new commercial western blot","volume":"38","author":"Liance","year":"2000"},{"key":"b10","series-title":"Parasite","first-page":"34","article-title":"Comparison of the serological tests ICT and ELISA for the diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis in France","volume":"21","author":"Knapp","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/6\/article-p1345.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/6\/article-p1345.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/6\/article-p1345.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T11:35:23Z","timestamp":1722425723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/101\/6\/article-p1345.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0556","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]}}}