{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T03:08:09Z","timestamp":1772248089505,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is almost entirely preventable, but its incidence in indigenous Australians remains one of the highest in the world. A community-based echocardiogram screening program of 862 Torres Strait Islander children identified 25 (2.9%) new cases of RHD. Among these 25 children, 5\/7 (71%) prior acute rheumatic fever presentations had not been recognized. There was a history of microbiologically confirmed group A <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> infection in 17\/25 (68%) children with RHD compared with 9\/25 (36%) controls (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI]: 3.78 [1.17\u201312.19], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03). This was more likely to be a skin swab (16\/25 [64%] cases versus 6\/25 [24%] controls) than a throat swab (1\/25 [4%] cases versus 3\/25 [12%] controls) (OR [95% CI]: 5.33 [1.51\u201318.90] [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01]), supporting a role for skin infection in RHD pathogenesis. Household crowding and unemployment were common in the cohort, emphasizing the need for prioritizing strategies that address the social determinants of health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-0846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]],"date-time":"2021-01-12T19:22:59Z","timestamp":1610479379000},"page":"1211-1214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Echocardiographic Screening Detects a Significant Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease in Australian Torres Strait Islander Children and Missed Opportunities for its Prevention"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Allison","family":"Hempenstall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Torres and Cape Hospital and Health Service, Thursday Island, Australia;"},{"name":"2James Cook University, Cairns, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cairns Hospital and Hinterland Health Service, Cairns, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cairns Hospital and Hinterland Health Service, Cairns, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken W. T.","family":"Chau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cairns Hospital and Hinterland Health Service, Cairns, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amylou","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Torres and Cape Hospital and Health Service, Thursday Island, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ella","family":"Kris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Torres and Cape Hospital and Health Service, Thursday Island, Australia;"},{"name":"2James Cook University, Cairns, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hylda","family":"Wapau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Torres and Cape Hospital and Health Service, Thursday Island, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pelista","family":"Pilot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Torres and Cape Hospital and Health Service, Thursday Island, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cairns Hospital and Hinterland Health Service, Cairns, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Reeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cairns Hospital and Hinterland Health Service, Cairns, Australia;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Cairns Hospital and Hinterland Health Service, Cairns, Australia;"},{"name":"4The Kirby Institute, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/104\/4\/article-p1211.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/104\/4\/article-p1211.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T12:30:52Z","timestamp":1617798652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/104\/4\/article-p1211.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.20-0846","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]}}}