{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:33:42Z","timestamp":1785544422474,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]],"date-time":"2021-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609891200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic has great consequences on mental health. We aimed to assess medical students\u2019 psychological condition and influencing factors as a baseline evidence for interventions promoting their mental wellbeing. We conducted an online survey from April 8 to April 18, 2020 to examine the mental health of medical students by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire, seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, seven-item Insomnia Severity Index, and six-item Kessler psychological distress scale. Factors associated with mental health outcomes were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Five hundred forty-nine students completed the survey; 341 (62.3%), 410 (74.6%), 344 (62.6%), and 379 (69%) reported anxiety, depression, insomnia, and distress, respectively. Female students, living in high COVID-19 prevalence locations, more than 25 days confinement, psychiatric consult history, and being in a preclinical level of studies had higher median scores and severe symptom levels. Multivariable logistic regression showed female gender as a risk factor for severe symptoms of anxiety (odds ratio [OR]: 1.653; 95% CI: 1.020\u20132.679;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.042), depression (OR: 2.167; 95% CI: 1.435\u20133.271;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.001), insomnia (OR: 1.830; 95% CI: 1.176\u20132.847;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.007), and distress (OR: 1.994; 95% CI: 1.338\u20132.972;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.001); preclinical level of enrollment as a risk factor for depression (OR: 0.679; 95% CI: 0.521\u20130.885;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.004), insomnia (OR: 0.720; 95% CI: 0.545\u20130.949;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.02), and distress (OR: 0.650; 95% CI: 0.499\u20130.847;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.001), whereas living in high COVID-19 prevalence locations was a risk factor for severe anxiety (OR: 1.628; 95% CI: 1.090\u20132.432;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.017) and depression (OR: 1.438; 95% CI: 1.002\u20132.097;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.05). Currently, medical students experience high levels of mental health symptoms, especially female students, those at a preclinical level and living in regions with a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases. Screening for mental health issues, psychological support, and long-term follow-up could alleviate the burden and protect future physicians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T07:01:39Z","timestamp":1605682899000},"page":"95-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Predictive Factors for Impaired Mental Health among Medical Students during the Early Stage of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Morocco"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Hajar","family":"Essangri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Surgical Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Sabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Arrazi University Psychiatric Hospital, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amine","family":"Benkabbou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Surgical Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"},{"name":"3Equipe de Recherche en Oncologie Translationnelle (EROT), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohamed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Anass","family":"Majbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Surgical Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"},{"name":"3Equipe de Recherche en Oncologie Translationnelle (EROT), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohamed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laila","family":"Amrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Surgical Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelilah","family":"Ghannam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brahim","family":"Lekehal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Academic Affairs, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raouf","family":"Mohsine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Surgical Oncology Department, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amine","family":"Souadka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Surgical Oncology 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