{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T22:04:59Z","timestamp":1691532299022},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT.<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Travelers are a risk-group for rabies; however, few are protected. We describe changes in pre-travel vaccination rates and post-travel referrals after animal contact. We conducted a nationwide, retrospective study for 2014\u20132018. The ratio of rabies vaccine courses distributed to travelers and the number of Israeli-tourist-entries to endemic countries was calculated, as was the proportion of travelers referred to a post-travel clinic after animal contact. During the study period, the ratio of pre-travel vaccine courses distributed nationally to outgoing tourism to endemic countries was stable at \u22480.7%; 13% of 256,969 pre-travel consultations included recommendation for rabies vaccination. Backpackers were more likely to be immunized (40.2%) than business travelers (4.4%) or travelers planning organized\/high-end travel (2.0%). However, rates of rabies vaccination among backpackers showed a decline during the study period. Post-travel referrals after animal contact were stable at 2% of all referrals; most were exposed in Asia (69.5%) and 51% were bitten by dogs. Only 38% received post-exposure prophylaxis abroad. We conclude that only a minority of Israeli travelers, including backpackers, receive rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis. The proportion of travelers with potentially rabid animal contact is not decreasing; however, many exposed travelers do not receive post-exposure prophylaxis during travel. Because rabies control programs have been compromised in endemic countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to provide rabies protection to travelers has become more urgent. After the ACIP\u2019s adoption of the World Health Organization\u2019s (WHO) 2-dose regimen, a revision of current vaccine guidelines is required to provide a simplified, more inclusive rabies vaccine policy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]],"date-time":"2021-08-16T13:35:24Z","timestamp":1629120924000},"page":"986-990","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Rabies Vaccine Disposition: Trends in Vaccination Among Israeli Travelers"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Eyal","family":"Meltzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Geographic Medicine and Department of Medicine C at Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel;"},{"name":"2Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Remez","family":"Yanuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Ministry of Health, Northern District Health Bureau, Nazeret Ilit, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eli","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Center for Geographic Medicine and Department of Medicine C at Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel;"},{"name":"2Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p986.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p986.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T18:40:43Z","timestamp":1633545643000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/105\/4\/article-p986.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.20-1604","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]}}}