{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:35:03Z","timestamp":1761863703562},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Trop Med Hyg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Clinical trials to evaluate schistosomal vaccines are in progress. We discuss the desired characteristics of such a vaccine, propose a product profile, and consider the clinical and pre-clinical studies needed for its licensure, within practical and ethical constraints. We believe that licensure of a schistosomal vaccine will be greatly facilitated by resolution of the following issues: identification of the human immunoprotective antigens and mechanisms; induction of the appropriate responses by adjuvanted vaccines; understanding the effect of immunization on immunopathology; development of an improved serologic assay to determine worm burden; generation of approximately $500 million to fund the project; and development of a physical infrastructure with trained professionals in disease-endemic countries to perform Phase III clinical trials. We also believe that development of a schistosomal vaccine, while a long range goal, is possible and desirable, and we have indicated some of the practical steps that will be required to achieve this laudable accomplishment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,10]],"date-time":"2017-05-10T17:27:45Z","timestamp":1494437265000},"page":"348-358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Practical and ethical issues in the development of a vaccine against schistosomiasis mansoni."],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Charles W","family":"Todd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel G","family":"Colley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","container-title":["The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/66\/4\/article-p348.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/66\/4\/article-p348.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/66\/4\/article-p348.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T08:02:09Z","timestamp":1725436929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/66\/4\/article-p348.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.348","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}}}