{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T13:10:07Z","timestamp":1787749807717,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of insecticide resistance has compromised mosquito control efforts in many parts of the world. Papua New Guinea (PNG) has a long history of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) use and currently distributes pyrethroid-treated nets for malaria control. This study is the first to investigate the status of pyrethroid resistance in the <jats:italic>Anopheles punctulatus<\/jats:italic> group, the major malaria and filariasis vectors of PNG. The study used World Health Organization standard susceptibility bioassays to detect knockdown phenotypes and a novel nested polymerase chain reaction to detect the knockdown resistant (<jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic>) allele in these vectors. Our results show 100% susceptibility to pyrethroids in all populations surveyed and an absence of the <jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic> allele.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.10-0422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,30]],"date-time":"2010-11-30T15:18:22Z","timestamp":1291130302000},"page":"1259-1261","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Pyrethroid Susceptibility in Natural Populations of the Anopheles punctulatus Group (Diptera: Culicidae) in Papua New Guinea"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"John B.","family":"Keven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara N.","family":"Henry-Halldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward 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