{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T20:40:04Z","timestamp":1723063204568},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We screened 1,397 feral horses (<jats:italic>Equus caballus<\/jats:italic>) on Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, United States, for IgM and IgG against flavivirus during 2004\u20132006, 2008, and 2009. Positive serum samples were tested for neutralizing antibodies to West Nile virus (WNV) and St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). One animal was positive for antibody against WNV in 2004, but all others tested in 2004\u20132006 were negative. In 2008 and 2009, we found evidence of increasing seropositive horses with age, whereas seroprevalence of WNV decreased from 19% in 2008 to 7.2% in 2009. No horses were positive for antibody against SLEV. Being unvaccinated, feral horses can be useful for WNV surveillance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]],"date-time":"2011-04-01T13:23:23Z","timestamp":1301664203000},"page":"637-640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus in Feral Horses on Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada, United States"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"J. Christian","family":"Franson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik K.","family":"Hofmeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gail H.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Dusek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"year":"2004","series-title":"Nevada Department of Agriculture 2004 West Nile Virus (WNV) Report","author":"Nevada Department of Agriculture","key":"R1"},{"year":"2005","series-title":"Nevada Department of Agriculture West Nile Virus (WNV) Report\u20132005","author":"Nevada Department of Agriculture","key":"R2"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"Vet Rec","first-page":"212","article-title":"Serosurvey of West Nile virus in equids and bovids in Spain","volume":"161","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Clavero","year":"2007"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"J Vet Intern Med","first-page":"1045","article-title":"Passive transfer of naturally acquired specific immunity against West Nile virus to foals in a semi-feral pony herd","volume":"20","author":"Wilkins","year":"2006"},{"year":"2010","series-title":"U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. National Wild Horse and Burro Program","author":"Bureau of Land Management","key":"R5"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Equine Pract","first-page":"36","article-title":"Dental criteria for estimating age in the horse","volume":"5","author":"McMullan","year":"1983"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"380","article-title":"Experimental infection of horses with West Nile virus","volume":"8","author":"Bunning","year":"2002"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"J Clin Microbiol","first-page":"1827","article-title":"Detection of anti-arboviral immunoglobin G by using a monoclonal antibody-based capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","volume":"38","author":"Johnson","year":"2000"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Arboviruses. Schmidt NJ, Emmons RW, eds. Diagnostic Procedures for Viral, Rickettsial and Chlamydial Infections","first-page":"797","author":"Beaty","year":"1989"},{"year":"2010","series-title":"U.S. Geological Survey. West Nile Virus Maps Historical","author":"U.S. Geological Survey","key":"R10"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract","first-page":"427","article-title":"West Nile encephalitis","volume":"16","author":"Ostlund","year":"2000"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Emerg Infect Dis","first-page":"665","article-title":"Equine West Nile encephalitis, United States","volume":"7","author":"Ostlund","year":"2001"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/84\/4\/article-p637.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/84\/4\/article-p637.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/84\/4\/article-p637.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T19:53:31Z","timestamp":1723060411000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/84\/4\/article-p637.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,5]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0467","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9637"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-1645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,5]]}}}