{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:08:57Z","timestamp":1790413737180,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rabies and associated risk factors in dogs, cats and cattle (n = 3,454) in southern Thailand during 1994\u20132008 were evaluated by using a mixed-effect logistic regression model. Overall prevalence was 48%. In dogs, odds of being rabid were 1.7 times higher in unvaccinated dogs than in vaccinated dogs and two times higher in dogs with bite history than in dogs with no known bite history. Similarly, aggressive dogs were more likely to be rabid than non-aggressive dogs. In cattle, aggression, pharyngeal paralysis, hyperactivity, and depression were clinical signs associated with being rabid. Annual fluctuations of the species-specific prevalence of rabies is suggestive of a positive correlation between canine and either feline (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.60, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.05) or bovine rabies (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.78, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.004). Insufficient vaccination coverage led to maintenance of rabies, which could be easily controlled by increased vaccine coverage and public education.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,6]],"date-time":"2011-07-06T18:34:20Z","timestamp":1309977260000},"page":"138-145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Epidemiologic Trends of Rabies in Domestic Animals in Southern Thailand, 1994\u20132008"],"prefix":"10.4269","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Anyarat","family":"Thiptara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward R.","family":"Atwill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wandee","family":"Kongkaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno B.","family":"Chomel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2795","reference":[{"key":"R1","series-title":"Human and Animal Rabies","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"R2","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"360","article-title":"Re-evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia","volume":"83","author":"Knobel","year":"2005"},{"key":"R3","series-title":"BMC Infect Dis","first-page":"52","article-title":"Transmission dynamics of rabies virus in Thailand: implications for disease control","volume":"5","author":"Denduangboripant","year":"2005"},{"key":"R4","series-title":"Summary of Notifiable Diseases. Annual Epidemiology Surveillance Report","author":"Division of Epidemiology","year":"2008"},{"key":"R5","series-title":"In practice","first-page":"170","article-title":"Current perspectives on rabies 2. Review of classical rabies and its control","volume":"22","author":"Bowen-Davies","year":"2000"},{"key":"R6","series-title":"Feline Medicine","first-page":"101","author":"Ott","year":"1983"},{"key":"R7","series-title":"Zentralbl Veterinarmed B","first-page":"85","article-title":"Clinical features of experimentally induced rabies in cattle and sheep","volume":"43","author":"Hudson","year":"1996"},{"key":"R8","series-title":"Veterinary Medicine","first-page":"1201","author":"Ikede","year":"1999"},{"key":"R9","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","first-page":"614","article-title":"Fox rabies in India","volume":"40","author":"Wilde","year":"2005"},{"key":"R10","series-title":"Dev Biol (Basel)","first-page":"137","article-title":"Stray dogs in Bangkok, Thailand: rabies virus infection and rabies antibody prevalence","volume":"131","author":"Kasempimolporn","year":"2008"},{"key":"R11","series-title":"Rev Infect Dis","first-page":"644","article-title":"Rabies in Thailand: 1990","volume":"13","author":"Wilde","year":"1991"},{"key":"R12","series-title":"Rabies Control and Prevention Plan","author":"Bureau of Disease Control and Veterinary Services","year":"2009"},{"key":"R13","series-title":"J Med Assoc Thai","first-page":"433","article-title":"Moving towards the elimination of rabies in Thailand","volume":"91","author":"Kasempimolporn","year":"2008"},{"key":"R14","series-title":"Prev Vet Med","first-page":"105","article-title":"Vaccination coverage and epidemiological parameters of the owned-dog population in Thungsong District, Thailand","volume":"65","author":"Kongkaew","year":"2004"},{"key":"R15","series-title":"J Med Assoc Thai","first-page":"419","article-title":"Six criteria for rabies diagnosis in living dogs","volume":"88","author":"Tepsumethanon","year":"2005"},{"key":"R16","author":"Thai Meteorological Department","year":"2009"},{"key":"R17","series-title":"Protocol for Postmortem Diagnosis of Rabies in Animals by Direct Fluorescent Antibody Testing: A Minimum Standard for Rabies Diagnosis in the United States","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2003"},{"key":"R18","series-title":"Trop Anim Health Prod","first-page":"89","article-title":"A biological test for rabies using suckling mice","volume":"3","author":"Markson","year":"1971"},{"key":"R19","series-title":"Applied Logistic Regression","first-page":"91","author":"Hosmer","year":"2000"},{"key":"R20","series-title":"Annual Report of Population Density","author":"Department of Provincial Administration","year":"2009"},{"key":"R21","series-title":"J Vet Med Sci","first-page":"457","article-title":"Current status of animal rabies in Thailand","volume":"59","author":"Mitmoonpitak","year":"1997"},{"key":"R22","series-title":"Rev Infect Dis","first-page":"697","article-title":"Mass vaccination campaign against rabies: are dogs correctly protected? The Peruvian experience","volume":"10","author":"Chomel","year":"1988"},{"key":"R23","series-title":"J Med Assoc Thai","first-page":"71","article-title":"Dog rabies in Bangkok","volume":"85","author":"Mitmoonpitak","year":"2002"},{"key":"R24","series-title":"Prev Vet Med","first-page":"79","article-title":"Canine ecology and socioeconomic factors associated with dogs unvaccinated against rabies in a Mexican city across the US-Mexico border","volume":"62","author":"Flores-Ibarra","year":"2004"},{"key":"R25","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop","first-page":"139","article-title":"Canine rabies epidemiology in Ara\u00e7atuba and neighborhood, northwestern S\u00e3o Paulo State-Brazil","volume":"37","author":"da Silva","year":"2004"},{"key":"R26","series-title":"BMC Vet Res","first-page":"1","article-title":"Dog ecology and demography in Antananarivo","volume":"5","author":"Ratsitorahina","year":"2007"},{"key":"R27","series-title":"Bull World Health Organ","first-page":"615","article-title":"Urban epizootic of rabies in Mexico: epidemiology and impact of animal bite injuries","volume":"71","author":"Eng","year":"1993"},{"key":"R28","series-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc","first-page":"646","article-title":"Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2009","volume":"237","author":"Blanton","year":"2010"},{"key":"R29","series-title":"Rabies in the Tropics","first-page":"721","author":"Meesomboon","year":"1985"},{"key":"R30","series-title":"Vaccine","first-page":"185","article-title":"Immunization coverage required to prevent outbreaks of dog rabies","volume":"14","author":"Coleman","year":"1996"}],"container-title":["The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/1\/article-p138.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/1\/article-p138.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/1\/article-p138.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T19:46:34Z","timestamp":1723059994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ajtmh.org\/view\/journals\/tpmd\/85\/1\/article-p138.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0535","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9637","1476-1645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9637","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-1645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,1]]}}}